Doctoral Dissertation Research: Studying the Relations between Social Science, Institutions, and Design

博士论文研究：研究社会科学、制度和设计之间的关系

• 批准号: 1058671
• 负责人: Christine Boyer
• 金额: $ 0.3万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1058671&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Studying; Relations

The dissertation shows how institutional environments in the period between 1963 and 1974 acted as laboratories where architects, psychologists, sociologists and criminologists studied the use of the built environment to govern the behavior of populations. These collaborations resulted from government-funded programs that sought to redesign psychiatric facilities, prisons, and public housing in order to economically and humanely manage patients, prisoners, and residents. This dissertation investigates a series of research programs in the United States, each concerning a different typology of institutional environment: mental health centers, prisons and public housing. Using archival sources and interviews with architects and other key actors, the research demonstrates the rise of social scientific scholarship on the "permeable institution", the maturation of the theory of the new mass institution, and the major turning point in institutional design caused by the popularity of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design research. The dissertation also analyzes the impact of that turning point, which was a split between ongoing environmental psychology research by organizations such as the Environmental Design Research Association and a reaction against social science in the discipline of architecture as the field turned to critical theory, literary criticism and other humanities to guide work and design. The dissertation contributes to earlier studies of the movement of psychological and sociological expertise out of the laboratory and into society in the 20th century, showing an intermediate step wherein institutional environments acted as a site of experiment into social behavior as well as an application of science to a social problem. The research demonstrates how social scientific knowledge is used in the United States (beyond the academy); it shows the direct impact social science has on identity, behavior, and space. Critical investigation of these experimental institutions adds to a broader understanding of the relation between science and society by reinforcing the argument that neoliberal philosophies of governance tend to favor the use of psychology and sociology to govern more "softly" by diffusing control in the environment.

论文表明，1963年至1974年之间的机构环境如何充当实验室，建筑师，心理学家，社会学家和犯罪学家研究了使用建筑环境来管理人口行为的使用。这些合作是由政府资助的计划产生的，该计划试图重新设计精神病学设施，监狱和公共住房，以经济和人道管理患者，囚犯和居民。该论文调查了美国的一系列研究计划，每个研究计划都涉及机构环境的不同类型：精神卫生中心，监狱和公共住房。该研究使用档案资源和与建筑师和其他关键参与者的访谈，证明了社会科学奖学金在“可渗透机构”，新大众制度理论的成熟以及由环境设计研究中预防犯罪预防犯罪的普及引起的制度设计的主要转折点。 论文还分析了该转折点的影响，这是环境设计研究协会等组织正在进行的环境心理学研究与社会科学在建筑学科中的反应之间的分歧，因为该领域转向了批判理论，文学批评和其他人文，以指导工作和设计。该论文在20世纪对心理和社会学专业知识的运动以及向社会的运动进行了早期研究，展示了一个中间步骤，其中制度环境充当了社会行为的实验场所，以及科学在社会问题上的应用。该研究表明，在美国（学院之外）如何使用社会科学知识；它显示了社会科学对身份，行为和空间的直接影响。对这些实验机构的批判性调查通过加强了新自由主义治理哲学倾向于利用心理学和社会学来通过在环境中扩散控制来更加“软”地管理，从而增加了对科学与社会之间关系的更广泛的了解。