EAGER: Are the Dry Valleys Getting Wetter? A Preliminary Assessment of Wetness Across the McMurdo Dry Valleys Landscape

EAGER：干燥的山谷正在变得湿润吗？

• 批准号: 1045215
• 负责人: Michael Gooseff
• 金额: $ 17.14万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-15 至 2013-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1045215&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Dry; Valleys; Getting; Wetter

Intellectual Merit: Until recently, wetted soils in the Dry Valleys were generally only found adjacent to streams and lakes. Since the warm austral summer of 2002, numerous ?wet spots? have been observed far from shorelines on relatively flat valley floor locations and as downslope fingers of flow on valley walls. The source of the water to wet these soils is unclear, as is the spatial and temporal pattern of occurrence from year to year. Their significance is potentially great as enhanced soil moisture may change the thermodynamics, hydrology, and erosion rate of surface soils, and facilitate transport of materials that had previously been stable. These changes to the soil active layer could significantly modify permafrost and ground ice stability within the Dry Valleys. The PIs seek to investigate these changes to address two competing hypotheses: that the source of water to these ?wet spots? is ground ice melt and that the source of this water is snowmelt. The PIs will document the spatiotemporal dynamics of these wet areas using high frequency remote sensing data from Quickbird and Wordview satellites to document the occurrence, dimensions, and growth of wet spots during the 2010-­11 and 2011-­12 austral summers. They will test their hypotheses by determining whether wet spots recur in the same locations in each season, and they will compare present to past distribution using archived imagery. They will also determine whether spatial snow accumulation patterns and temporal ablation patterns are coincident with wet spot formation. Broader impacts: One graduate student will be trained on this project. Findings will be reported at scientific meetings and published in peer reviewed journals. They will also develop a teaching module on remote sensing applications to hydrology for the Modular Curriculum for Hydrologic Advancement and an innovative prototype project designed to leverage public participation in mapping wet spots and snow patches across the Dry Valleys through the use of social media and mobile computing applications.

知识分子的优点：直到最近，通常仅发现干山谷中的湿土壤与溪流和湖泊相邻。自2002年温暖的澳大利亚夏季以来，许多湿地？在相对平坦的山谷地板位置和山谷墙壁上流下坡的手指上，已经观察到远离海岸线。这些土壤湿的水的来源尚不清楚，每年的空间和临时发生方式也不清楚。它们的意义可能很大，因为增强的土壤水分可能会改变表面土壤的热力学，水文学和侵蚀速率，以及以前稳定的材料的促进运输。这些对土壤活性层的变化可能会显着改变干山谷内的多年冻土和地面冰的稳定性。 PI试图调查这些变化以解决两个相互竞争的假设：这些湿地的水源？是地面冰融化了，这种水的来源是融雪。 PI将使用来自Quickbird和WordView卫星的高频遥感数据来记录这些湿区域的时空动力学，以记录2010-11和2011-12 Austral Summers期间的发生，尺寸和增长的湿点的发生，尺寸和增长。他们将通过确定在每个季节的同一位置是否在相同位置复发，并将使用存档的图像比较过去的分布来检验他们的假设。他们还将确定空间积雪模式和临时消融模式是否与湿点形成一致。更广泛的影响：一名研究生将接受该项目的培训。调查结果将在科学会议上报告，并在同行评审期刊上发表。他们还将开发一个有关用于水文进步的模块化课程的遥感应用的教学模块，以及一个创新的原型项目，旨在通过使用社交媒体和移动计算应用程序来利用公众参与在干谷中绘制湿点和雪地斑块的绘制。