RAPID: Assessing the Impact of Internal Refugees on Hospital Water and Wastewater Infrastructure and Its Implications for Future Sustainable Treatment Designs

RAPID：评估内部难民对医院供水和废水基础设施的影响及其对未来可持续处理设计的影响

• 批准号: 1034836
• 负责人: Stephanie Lansing
• 金额: $ 4万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-15 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1034836&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Assessing; Impact; Internal; Refugees

Principal Investigator: Stephanie LansingProposal No: 1034836This work takes advantage of pre-earthquake data, collected in 2008 by Dr. Lansing of the University of Maryland, on the wastewater treatment needs and energy infrastructure of the Partners in Health (PIH) medical complex in Cange, Haiti. The PIH hospital is one of the most well equipped hospitals in Haiti and has received a rapid influx of internal refugees. Using the 2008 data as a control, the post-earthquake change in water, wastewater, and energy needs will be quantified and a flexible and sustainable system for rapid expansion of the waste treatment and energy production capacity will be developed. Specifically, this project will (1) assess the wastewater and energy needs of critical medical infrastructure in a post earthquake environment through a follow-up survey and compare this data to pre-earthquake data in order to quantify the impact of internal refuges on wastewater and energy infrastructure, (2) create a sustainable design for meeting wastewater and energy demands in planned refugees communities by incorporating biodigesters for wastewater treatment, energy production, and liquid fertilizer creation and couple this appropriate treatment technology with agriculture and hydroponic systems, and (3) implement a flexible and adaptable biodigestion system for meeting increased energy and water demand in a surviving medical complex. The work will be done in consultation with a team of engineers, scientists, and students from the Univ. of Maryland, Clemson Univ., and private practice that have previous experience in Haiti and have developed an excellent rapport with the Haitian engineering, agriculturalist, and community outreach counterparts at the PIH facility. The funds requested will be used to pay salary and research assistants to collect and analyze hydrologic data, purchase metering equipment to quantify water and biogas flows, and international travel to and from Haiti.Literature has stressed the importance of assessing and prioritizing the immediate potable water and wastewater needs for maintaining the short-term public health of the post-disaster population, but despite the academic consensus for these types of assessments, the literature rarely quantifies the degree to which components of a country?s health infrastructure is stressed. Similarly, there is a paucity of research on how this infrastructure can be rebuilt quickly, affordably, and sustainably. This proposed research seeks to fill this need by quantifying the change in energy demand and wastewater quantity on the existing health care infrastructure in Haiti?s immediate post-earthquake environment and use this data to inform the design of an innovative biodigestion system that incorporates energy production, crop development, and water reuse in its treatment model.By designing for water treatment and energy production using an appropriate technology, a sustainable model for rebuilding Haitian communities devastated by the recent earthquake will be produced. The lessons learned from the design and implementation of this biodigester design in the Summer of 2010 can be used by NGOs and Haitian governmental agencies for designing refugee camps with landscapes that incorporate waste treatment through biodigesters, have hydroponic gardens connected to the effluent from water distribution points, and contain sustainable cropping areas near the biodigester facility to receive the fertilizer-rich effluent. In this model, waste is used as a resource for energy production, irrigation and fertilizer. Agriculture in Haiti has been devastated by soil erosion caused by the need for cooking charcoal. By taking a waste and creating energy in the form of biogas while providing nutrients and water for crop production, the designs presented will have a large impact on a country that has a unique opportunity to design the landscape in a way that integrates humans and the environment in a sustainable manner.This award is co-funded by the NSF Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE).

首席研究员：Stephanie Lansingproposso No：1034836这项工作利用马里兰大学兰辛（Lansing ，海地。 PIH医院是海地设备齐全的医院之一，已迅速涌入内部难民。将使用2008年的数据作为对照，将量化水，废水和能量需求的地震后变化，并将开发一个灵活，可持续的系统，以快速扩大废物处理和能源生产能力。 具体而言，该项目将通过后续调查评估地震后环境中关键医疗基础设施的废水和能源需求能源基础设施，（2）通过将生物消化器纳入废水处理，能源生产和液体肥料的创造，并将这种适当的治疗技术与农业和水培系统搭配在一起，为计划中的难民社区创建可持续的设计，并在计划中的难民社区和能源需求中，以及（3）实施灵活且适应性的生物消化系统，以满足幸存的医疗综合体中增加的能量和水需求。这项工作将与大学的工程师，科学家和学生团队协商。马里兰州，克莱姆森大学（Clemson Univ。所要求的资金将用于支付薪水和研究助理，以收集和分析水文数据，购买计量设备来量化水和沼气流，以及国际往返海地的旅行。Literatoration强调了评估和优先考虑立即廉价的廉价水的重要性以及废水需要维持灾后人口的短期公共卫生，但是尽管对这些类型的评估达成了学术共识，但文献很少量化一个国家健康基础设施的组成部分的程度。同样，关于如何快速，负担得起和可持续地重建该基础设施的研究很少。这项拟议的研究旨在通过量化海地立即进行地球后环境中现有的医疗保健基础设施的能源需求和废水数量的变化来满足这种需求通过适当的技术进行水处理和能源生产的设计，将产生一种可持续的模型，用于重建海地社区的可持续模型，将生产出作物的开发和水再利用。非政府组织和海地政府机构可以使用从该生物消化器设计的设计和实施中学到的经验教训，用于设计具有景观的难民营地，这些景观通过生物生物生物植物结合了废物处理，具有与水分配点相连的水培花园，并包含生物消化器设施附近的可持续作物区域，以获得丰富的肥料废水。 在此模型中，废物被用作能源生产，灌溉和肥料的资源。海地的农业因需要烹饪木炭而引起的土壤侵蚀造成了破坏。通过浪费并以沼气的形式创造能量，同​​时提供营养和水进行作物生产，提出的设计将对一个具有独特机会设计景观的国家产生很大的影响，以整合人类和环境的方式来设计景观该奖项由国际科学与工程（OISE）共同资助。