Genetic and metabolic control of grain shape and weight in wheat

小麦籽粒形状和重量的遗传和代谢控制

基本信息

批准号：
198786916
负责人：
Dr. Hans Weber
金额：
--
依托单位：
Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2010-12-31 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/198786916?language=en
关键词：
Genetic metabolic control grain shape

项目摘要

Grain shape and weight in wheat are important yield-related parameters. Knowledge about underlying determinants and mechanisms in wheat is therefore of high economic relevance. We here make use of two unique models displaying increased grain weight by potentially different mechanisms. An introgression, within the genetic background of the high-yield winter wheat variety Prinz, represents a genomic fragment of the synthetic wheat M6, which is related to a quantitative trait locus for grain size, especially grain length. A transgenic line, derived from the winter wheat variety Certo, overexpressing a sucrose transporter gene from barley confers increased grain weight, predominantly related to higher grain width. We plan to analyse characteristics associated with specification of the traits grain size and shape in these models. Histological analyses will be used to identify those grain tissues showing differences in cell number and/or cell expansion. Comprehensive phenotyping of grain development will be performed including tissue-specific transcript, metabolite and hormone profiling in maternal and filial grain organs. Main objective is to understand signalling pathways responsible for cell division and expansion modulations during grain development in response to metabolic signals. Gene networks involved in the regulation of ovary and pericarp growth will be inferred from transcriptome data linked to parallel developmental and physiological studies. The expected outcome will lead to deeper understanding of the physiological, molecular and metabolic network underlying the specification of grain size and weight. Such knowledge in the future will allow breeders to develop strategies to increase yield potential.

小麦的粒形和重量是重要的产量相关参数。因此，了解小麦的潜在决定因素和机制具有很高的经济相关性。我们在这里利用两个独特的模型来显示通过潜在的不同机制增加的粒重。在高产冬小麦品种 Prinz 的遗传背景中，基因渗入代表了合成小麦 M6 的基因组片段，该片段与籽粒大小（尤其是籽粒长度）的数量性状基因座相关。源自冬小麦品种 Certo 的转基因品系，过度表达大麦的蔗糖转运蛋白基因，可增加籽粒重量，这主要与增大籽粒宽度有关。我们计划分析与这些模型中的颗粒尺寸和形状规格相关的特征。组织学分析将用于识别那些在细胞数量和/或细胞扩张方面表现出差异的颗粒组织。将进行籽粒发育的综合表型分析，包括母体和子代籽粒器官的组织特异性转录本、代谢物和激素分析。主要目标是了解在谷物发育过程中响应代谢信号而负责细胞分裂和扩张调节的信号通路。参与子房和果皮生长调节的基因网络将从与平行发育和生理研究相关的转录组数据推断出来。预期的结果将导致人们更深入地了解谷物大小和重量规格背后的生理、分子和代谢网络。未来，这些知识将使育种者能够制定提高产量潜力的策略。