Genetic and metabolic control of grain shape and weight in wheat

小麦籽粒形状和重量的遗传和代谢控制

基本信息

批准号：
198786916
负责人：
Dr. Hans Weber
金额：
--
依托单位：
Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2010-12-31 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/198786916?language=en
关键词：
Genetic metabolic control grain shape

项目摘要

Grain shape and weight in wheat are important yield-related parameters. Knowledge about underlying determinants and mechanisms in wheat is therefore of high economic relevance. We here make use of two unique models displaying increased grain weight by potentially different mechanisms. An introgression, within the genetic background of the high-yield winter wheat variety Prinz, represents a genomic fragment of the synthetic wheat M6, which is related to a quantitative trait locus for grain size, especially grain length. A transgenic line, derived from the winter wheat variety Certo, overexpressing a sucrose transporter gene from barley confers increased grain weight, predominantly related to higher grain width. We plan to analyse characteristics associated with specification of the traits grain size and shape in these models. Histological analyses will be used to identify those grain tissues showing differences in cell number and/or cell expansion. Comprehensive phenotyping of grain development will be performed including tissue-specific transcript, metabolite and hormone profiling in maternal and filial grain organs. Main objective is to understand signalling pathways responsible for cell division and expansion modulations during grain development in response to metabolic signals. Gene networks involved in the regulation of ovary and pericarp growth will be inferred from transcriptome data linked to parallel developmental and physiological studies. The expected outcome will lead to deeper understanding of the physiological, molecular and metabolic network underlying the specification of grain size and weight. Such knowledge in the future will allow breeders to develop strategies to increase yield potential.

小麦的晶粒形状和重量是重要的产量相关参数。因此，关于小麦中潜在的决定因素和机制的知识具有很高的经济相关性。我们在这里利用两个独特的型号，通过潜在的不同机制显示出晶粒重量的增加。在高产冬小麦品种prinz的遗传背景中的渗入代表了合成小麦M6的基因组片段，该片段与晶粒尺寸的定量性状基因座有关，尤其是晶粒长度。从冬小麦品种Certo得出的转基因线，过表达来自大麦的蔗糖转运蛋白基因，赋予了增加的晶粒重量，主要与较高的谷物宽度有关。我们计划分析与这些模型中特征晶粒尺寸和形状规范相关的特征。组织学分析将用于鉴定这些谷物组织，显示细胞数和/或细胞扩张的差异。将进行谷物发育的全面表型，包括在母体和录制谷物器官中的组织特异性转录物，代谢产物和激素分析。主要目的是了解负责细胞分裂的信号通路和在谷物发育过程中响应代谢信号时的膨胀调制。从与平行发育和生理研究相关的转录组数据中推断出参与卵巢和偏果皮生长调节的基因网络。预期的结果将导致对晶粒尺寸和重量规范的生理，分子和代谢网络的更深入了解。未来的这种知识将使育种者能够制定策略以提高产量潜力。