Scholars Award: Simulating Science

学者奖：模拟科学

• 批准号: 1026586
• 负责人: Kevin Zollman
• 金额: $ 16.54万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1026586&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Scholars; Award; Simulating; Science

IntroductionThis project will make use of computer simulation techniques to understand how different ways that scientists make day to day choices might influence the ability of the community of scientists to succeed in learning about the world. Through decades of careful study, we now have a deeper understanding of the various factors that influence choices and beliefs of scientists. While we now understand the causes of scientists' behavior better, we do not have a very detailed understanding how science as a whole is influenced by the small scale choices of individual scientists. Here are some questions of that sort that need to be addressed. Does misconduct on the part of a few scientists have a effect on the reliability of science as a whole? If scientists are motivated by particular political ends, does this color the output of their research?Intellectual MeritThe PI will employ new simulation methods from the physical and social sciences in order to answer three primary questions: What are better and worse social arrangements for science? What is the effect of different ?impure? behaviors on the overall reliability of scientific practice? And what is the effect of efforts to reduce these impure behaviors? Learning the answers to these questions will both help us understand when scientific communities should be trusted and when they should be questioned.Potential Broader ImpactsBeyond its contribution to the scholarly understanding of science, this research will also help to guide science policy so that scientific disciplines might be made better. The PI also plans to develop courses for both graduate and undergraduate students to help further the understanding of scientific practice.

介绍此项目将利用计算机模拟技术来了解科学家做出日常选择的不同方式可能会影响科学家社区成​​功地学习世界的能力。通过数十年的仔细研究，我们现在对影响科学家的选择和信念的各种因素有了更深入的了解。虽然我们现在更好地了解了科学家行为的原因，但我们对整个科学的整体选择如何受到个别科学家的小规模选择的影响，我们对科学的整体方式却没有非常详细的了解。这是需要解决的一些问题。少数科学家的不当行为是否会影响整个科学的可靠性？如果科学家是出于特定的政治目的的动机，这是否会使他们的研究的产出颜色？知识分子优胜者PI将采用物理和社会科学的新模拟方法来回答三个主要问题：哪些更好，更糟糕的社会科学安排？不同的效果是什么？不纯净？科学实践的整体可靠性行为？减少这些不纯行为的努力有什么影响？学习这些问题的答案都将帮助我们了解何时应该信任科学社区，以及何时应质疑它们。积极的更广泛的影响力对学术对科学的理解做出的贡献，这项研究还将有助于指导科学政策，以使科学学科变得更好。 PI还计划为研究生和本科生开发课程，以帮助进一步了解科学实践。