Collaborative Research: Dispersion of Particles Within and Above Plant Canopies

合作研究：植物冠层内部和上方的颗粒分散

• 批准号: 1005480
• 负责人: Heidi Nepf
• 金额: $ 37.23万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1005480&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Dispersion; Particles; Within

The supported research will determine characteristics of atmospheric turbulence unique to near-surface airflow interaction with plant canopies, and in-turn identify mechanisms controlling the release and transport of small particles (e.g., pollen grains, spores, seeds, etc.) within such canopies. Dynamic interactions will be represented by a combination of field-observations, laboratory water-channel experiments and high-resolution numerical simulations advance the prediction of particle transport in boundary layers beyond current models, which represent turbulent transport via steady, homogenous diffusion coefficients. In this way, the role of individual coherent flow structures in releasing, capturing and transporting particles will be quantitatively determined. This research will combine flume experiments with artificial canopies under controlled laboratory conditions, field experiments in the context of actual crops (as facilitated by Pennsylvania State University's Rock Springs Farm research facility), and numerical experiments using large-eddy simulation (LES) models.The Intellectual Merit of this effort derives from improved understanding of vegetation-atmosphere interactions involving turbulent processes generated by agricultural crops typical of those across the Midwestern U.S., which has relevance both to atmospheric behavior and biological processes within plant canopies. Broader impacts of this research will center on improved representation and prediction of modes of atmospheric turbulence generated within and above plant canopies, and will involve strongly interdisciplinary work at the interface of the atmospheric and biological sciences. A variety of graduate and undergraduate educational opportunities will be provided within diverse field-experiment, laboratory and numerical analysis settings, and will include student participation in an Aerobiology Field Course to be conducted at the PSU field research facility.

所支持的研究将确定近地表气流与植物冠层相互作用所特有的大气湍流特征，进而确定控制冠层内小颗粒（例如花粉粒、孢子、种子等）释放和运输的机制。 动态相互作用将通过现场观测、实验室水道实验和高分辨率数值模拟的结合来表示，从而使边界层中粒子输运的预测超出当前模型的范围，当前模型通过稳定、均匀的扩散系数表示湍流输运。 通过这种方式，各个相干流结构在释放、捕获和运输颗粒中的作用将被定量确定。 这项研究将在受控实验室条件下将水槽实验与人工冠层结合起来，在实际作物的背景下进行田间实验（由宾夕法尼亚州立大学罗克斯普林斯农场研究机构协助），以及使用大涡模拟（LES）模型的数值实验。这项工作的智力价值源于对植被与大气相互作用的更好的理解，涉及美国中西部典型农作物产生的湍流过程，这与植物冠层内的大气行为和生物过程相关。 这项研究的更广泛影响将集中在改进植物冠层内部和上方产生的大气湍流模式的表征和预测，并将涉及大气科学和生物科学交叉领域的跨学科工作。 将在不同的现场实验、实验室和数值分析环境中提供各种研究生和本科生教育机会，并将包括学生参与将在 PSU 现场研究设施进行的空气生物学现场课程。