Southwestern Archaeological Tree-Ring Dating

西南考古树木年轮约会

• 批准号: 1006417
• 负责人: Jeffrey Dean
• 金额: $ 8万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1006417&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Southwestern; Archaeological; Tree; Ring; Dating; Southwestern; Archaeological; Tree; Ring; Dating

The Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research (LTRR) at the University of Arizona is the sole source of archaeological tree-ring dates in western North America. With continuing National Science Foundation support, LTRR operates a dating program for tree-ring samples collected by LTRR and other archaeologists from Alaska to Peru and from the Pacific Ocean to the Mississippi River. NSF support allows the program to keep pace with the growing demand for archaeological tree-ring dates, information, and assistance and to maintain high production levels and short turnaround times. On average, the program produces more than 1,000 tree-ring dates from 4,000+ archaeological tree-ring samples submitted annually. These data are integrated into relevant archaeological contexts to construct refined cultural sequences and examine important issues of past human behavior that cannot be addressed without accurate, high resolution temporal control. Among these topics are absolute site and regional chronologies, social organization, intergroup interaction, and cultural adaptation to physical and social environments. In addition, the program fosters the expansion of archaeological tree-ring dating into new regions such as the Southwestern deserts, Great Basin, Great Plains, Rocky Mountains, Alaska, and Mexico.The project's exact dating and chronology building are crucial to understanding human behavior, human-environment interactions, and processes of sociocultural stability, variation, change, and evolution. Either directly or indirectly (through tree-ring dated ceramics), tree-ring dating underlies the chronology of Southwestern prehistory and many aspects of the documented history of the region. The project also provides data for dendroclimatic reconstructions that are combined with reconstructions produced by other paleoenvironmental disciplines such as geology, pollen analysis, volcanology, and trace element studies. In addition to illuminating past environmental processes, these integrated reconstructions provide a solid empirical foundation for examining interrelationships between human behavior and environmental variability. Finally, the project's efforts to expand research into areas previously thought to be unsuitable for archaeological tree-ring dating are bearing fruit. Dates derived from samples acquired many years ago identify absolutely dated 'hinge points' for archaeological chronologies in the Sonoran and Chihuahuan Deserts.The program has a wide range of broader impacts. Its findings are integrated into undergraduate and graduate classes in anthropology, geosciences, and other disciplines at the University of Arizona and other academic institutions. In addition, the project interacts with K-12 programs, provides instruction for visiting scholars from around the world, and facilitates field training for governmental, Native American, and private archaeologists and resource managers. The LTRR tree-ring sample collection and data archives are unparalleled, easily accessed resources for archaeological research, and a developing digital database will enhance the research value of these collections. Increased understanding of long-term human adaptation to cultural and environmental variability and enhanced knowledge of environmental processes help develop and implement environmental and social policy. Project personnel have contributed directly to formulating policy for managing cultural and natural resources by federal, local, and tribal land management agencies.

亚利桑那大学的树环研究实验室（LTRR）是北美西部考古树环日期的唯一来源。在持续的国家科学基金会的支持下，LTRR开展了一项约会计划，针对LTRR和其他考古学家从阿拉斯加到秘鲁，从太平洋到密西西比河的其他考古学家。 NSF的支持使该计划可以跟上对考古树环，信息和援助的不断增长的需求，并保持高生产水平和短期的周转时间。平均而言，该计划每年提交的4,000多个考古树环样本中生产超过1,000棵树圈的日期。这些数据被整合到相关的考古环境中，以构建精致的文化序列，并检查过去人类行为的重要问题，而这些问题没有准确，高分辨率的时间控制就无法解决。这些主题包括绝对站点和区域时间表，社会组织，群体间的互动以及对物理和社会环境的文化适应。此外，该计划促进了考古林木的扩展，可追溯到西南沙漠，大盆地，大平原，大平原，洛矶山脉，阿拉斯加和墨西哥。直接或间接地（通过树木陈旧的陶瓷），树环的日期是西南史前历史的年代和该地区历史的许多方面的基础。该项目还提供了与其他古环境学科（例如地质，花粉分析，火山学和痕量元素研究）相结合的树状气候重建数据。除了阐明过去的环境过程外，这些综合重建还为检查人类行为与环境变异性之间的相互关系提供了坚实的经验基础。最后，该项目将研究扩展到以前认为不适合考古树环约会的领域的努力正在取得果实。 从多年前获得的样品中得出的日期确定了Sonoran和Chihuahuan沙漠中考古年代的绝对过时的“铰链点”。该计划具有更广泛的影响。它的发现纳入了亚利桑那大学和其他学术机构的人类学，地球科学和其他学科的本科和研究生班。此外，该项目与K-12计划进行互动，为来自世界各地的学者提供指导，并促进政府，美洲原住民以及私人考古学家和资源经理的实地培训。 LTRR树木样品收集和数据档案是无与伦比的，易于访问考古研究的资源，而开发的数字数据库将增强这些收集的研究价值。对长期对文化和环境变异性的长期适应的了解以及对环境过程的增强知识有助于发展和实施环境和社会政策。项目人员直接为制定政策来管理联邦，地方和部落土地管理机构的文化和自然资源。