Strong Field Quantum Control

强场量子控制

• 批准号: 0969322
• 负责人: Philip Bucksbaum
• 金额: $ 166.7万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0969322&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Strong; Field; Quantum; Control

The motion of electrons and atoms during and immediately following their interaction with light fields is one of the important and difficult challenges of quantum physics. The standard methods of quantum calculations that underpin most current understanding of molecular structure are based on simplifying assumptions that break down at critical times when molecules absorb intense light, collide strongly, or are subjected to other strong electric fields. Without these simplifications, the calculations become intractable even for molecules of modest size, and the basic connections between atomic motion and electron motion in molecules are not well understood. The goal of the quantum control research in this project is to use strong fields to direct quantum processes towards desired targets, such as rearranging the bonds in a molecule. Control methods using strong fields can overcome the complexities described above, through the use of powerful techniques such as learning feedback algorithms that automatically reprogram the experimental driving fields to seek to optimize the target yield without guidance from calculations. This project explores three new ways to improve the effectiveness of quantum control. The first is a new conceptual framework called a Quantum Resonance Ring that could help our understanding of many-body quantum problems. The second improvement is to apply the techniques of pattern recognition to the high-dimensional problems in quantum control. The third improvement is to extend laser control investigations to use newly available x-ray laser sources. In a broader context, quantum control research will ultimately lead to a better understanding of the actions of electrons in molecular transformation and chemistry. Electron motion is considered a gateway problem for progress in areas of nano-materials, chemical science, and energy technologies. Insights gained from this work could therefore influence problems such as the energy conversion efficiency of new photovoltaics; the search for a catalyst to efficiently extract hydrogen from water; or the development of sustainable biofuel technologies. Quantum control is also the fundamental technology in the new field of quantum information. Future scalable quantum computers or quantum information transfer systems will rely on quantum control for gate operations and for error correction. Some of the most promising implementations involve the use of electrons as qubits and lasers as control fields, so the knowledge gained about quantum control of electrons in the presence of strong laser fields could be directly applicable.

电子和原子与光场相互作用期间和立即的运动是量子物理学的重要且困难的挑战之一。量子计算的标准方法是基于当前对分子结构的大多数理解的基础，是基于简化的假设，这些假设在分子吸收强烈的光，强烈碰撞或受到其他强电场的关键时期分解。没有这些简化，即使对于适度大小的分子，计算也变得棘手，并且在分子中原子运动与电子运动之间的基本连接尚不清楚。该项目中量子控制研究的目的是使用强场将量子过程引导到所需的靶标，例如重新安排分子中的键。使用强场的控制方法可以通过使用强大的技术（例如学习反馈算法）来克服上述复杂性，这些技术会自动重新编程实验驾驶场，以寻求在没有计算指导的情况下优化目标产量。该项目探讨了提高量子控制有效性的三种新方法。第一个是一个称为量子共振环的新概念框架，可以帮助我们理解多体量子问题。第二个改进是将模式识别技术应用于量子控制中的高维问题。第三个改进是将激光控制调查扩展到使用新可用的X射线激光源。在更广泛的背景下，量子控制研究最终将更好地理解电子在分子转化和化学中的作用。电子运动被认为是纳米材料，化学科学和能量技术领域进展的门户问题。因此，从这项工作中获得的见解可能会影响诸如新光伏的能量转换效率之类的问题；寻找催化剂以有效从水中提取氢；或开发可持续生物燃料技术。量子控制也是量子信息新领域的基本技术。未来的可扩展量子计算机或量子信息传输系统将依靠量子控制进行门操作和误差校正。一些最有前途的实现涉及将电子用作量子和激光器作为控制场，因此在存在强激光场的情况下获得对电子的量子控制获得的知识可以直接适用。