Collaborative Research : DAT: Fromgrant to commercialization: an integrated demonstration database which permits tracing, assessing, and measuring the impact of scientific funding

合作研究：DAT：从资助到商业化：一个综合示范数据库，允许跟踪、评估和衡量科学资助的影响

• 批准号: 0965341
• 负责人: Vetle Torvik
• 金额: $ 44.52万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-15 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0965341&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; DAT; Fromgrant; commercialization; Collaborative; Research; DAT; Fromgrant; commercialization

It has long been received wisdom that investment in science greatly facilitates the technological progress that ultimately improves economic productivity and living standards. Unfortunately, the systematic and quantitative evidence to support these arguments remains thin and expensive to produce. Name ambiguity makes this difficult: different scientists may share the same names, and conversely, the same scientist may have their name listed differently within or across publication and patent databases. As a consequence, the collaborative networks of scientists remain unidentified, and the gatekeepers between science and technology have not been systematically identified. Intellectual Merit: This project develops a large-scale database that links Medline papers and U.S. patents, through identification of individuals who authored both papers and patents using state-of-the-art name disambiguation algorithms. These patent-paper-author links in turns enable identification of similar organizations and in some cases, science/technology fields and geography. The resulting database is used in three exemplary analyses that aim to: 1) study the impact of grants upon science and technical productivity, 2) identify the gatekeepers between science and technology and study how knowledge flows between these two realms, and 3) understand how collaborative, institutional, organizational, and regional factors influence these processes. Broader Impact: The resulting database is publicly available. This both enables science policy scholars to develop systematic and convincing evidence for investment recommendations and enables person-centered research of the science-technology interface of numerous other kinds.

长期以来，人们一直在智慧，对科学的投资极大地促进了最终提高经济生产力和生活水平的技术进步。不幸的是，支持这些论点的系统和定量证据仍然很薄且昂贵。名称歧义使这一困难：不同的科学家可能共享相同的名字，相反，同一科学家在出版物和专利数据库中的名称可能以不同的方式列出。结果，科学家的协作网络仍然不明身份，科学和技术之间的守门人尚未被系统地识别。知识分子的优点：该项目开发了一个大规模数据库，该数据库通过识别使用最先进的名称歧义算法撰写论文和专利的个人，该数据库将Medline论文和美国专利联系起来。这些专利纸的作者依次链接可以识别类似组织，在某些情况下，科学/技术领域和地理位置。所得数据库用于三个示例性分析，目的是：1）研究赠款对科学和技术生产力的影响，2）确定科学与技术之间的守门人，并研究这两个领域之间的知识如何流动，以及3）了解协作，机构，组织，组织和区域性因素如何影响这些过程。更广泛的影响：由此产生的数据库公开可用。这两者都使科学政策学者能够为投资建议开发系统和令人信服的证据，并以人为本的许多其他类型的科学技术界面进行研究。