EAR-PF: Field observations and modeling of backwater effects on bed material sequestration and fluvial kinematics in the lowermost Mississippi River

EAR-PF：密西西比河下游回水对河床物质封存和河流运动学影响的现场观测和建模

• 批准号: 0948224
• 负责人: Jeffrey Nittrouer
• 金额: $ 17万
• 依托单位: Nittrouer, Jeffrey A
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0948224&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Field; observations; modeling

Dr. Jeffrey A. Nittrouer is awarded an NSF Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out a research and education plan at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Dr. Nittrouer will use field observation studies from the lower Mississippi River coupled with physical modeling to provide an understanding for sediment transport dynamics where a river nears its marine outlet. Data to be collected include measurements for water and sediment transport during low- and high-water discharge, which will help constrain spatial and temporal sediment flux disparity, and the transport stress associated with both water discharge regimes. Additionally, measurements for channel bed sediment composition and timing of sediment flux will be used to describe causes for measured changes in channel morphology and planform character of the lowermost Mississippi River.This research will provide analyses for the timing and movement of sediment and associated particulates from meandering fluvial systems to the deltaic and marine environment. This is a particularly important area of study, because decelerating water flow as a river nears its outlet has important influences for the routing of sediments through source-to-sink sedimentary systems. This information will have direct applications for recent efforts to mitigate coastal wetland loss in southern Louisiana. Wetlands are environmentally sensitive systems that, amongst many ecological services, naturally buffer storm surges that threaten urban populations and infrastructure.Students with interest in geoscience and river system dynamics at the host institution will be trained to operate state-of-the-art instruments and software programs that collect and analyze data from the lowermost Mississippi River. Additionally, students will be educated in the physical theory behind fluvial hydrodynamics and sediment transport. Educational seminars will be held to discuss river and coastal wetland issues that abound in southern Louisiana, and will be followed by a field trip that will trace the Mississippi River, starting from the Midwest and ending at its outlet in Louisiana.

Jeffrey A. Nittrouer 博士获得美国国家科学基金会地球科学博士后奖学金，在伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校开展研究和教育计划。 尼特鲁尔博士将利用密西西比河下游的实地观测研究与物理模型相结合，以了解河流靠近出海口的沉积物输送动态。 要收集的数据包括低水位和高水位排放期间水和沉积物输送的测量结果，这将有助于限制空间和时间沉积物通量差异，以及与两种排水方式相关的输送压力。 此外，对河床沉积物成分和沉积物通量时间的测量将用于描述密西西比河最下游河道形态和平面特征测量变化的原因。这项研究将为来自密西西比河最下游的沉积物和相关颗粒的时间和运动提供分析。蜿蜒的河流系统进入三角洲和海洋环境。 这是一个特别重要的研究领域，因为当河流接近其出口时水流减速对于沉积物通过源-汇沉积系统的路线具有重要影响。 这些信息将直接应用于最近减轻路易斯安那州南部沿海湿地损失的努力。 湿地是环境敏感系统，在许多生态服务中，它可以自然地缓冲威胁城市人口和基础设施的风暴潮。在主办机构对地球科学和河流系统动力学感兴趣的学生将接受培训以操作最先进的仪器和收集和分析密西西比河最下游数据的软件程序。 此外，学生还将接受河流流体动力学和沉积物输送背后的物理理论的教育。 将举行教育研讨会，讨论路易斯安那州南部普遍存在的河流和沿海湿地问题，随后将进行实地考察，追踪密西西比河，从中西部出发，止于路易斯安那州的出口。