EAGER: Ion Absorbing Microfiltration Membranes: A New Approach to Water Treatment and Desalination

EAGER：离子吸收微滤膜：水处理和海水淡化的新方法

• 批准号: 0948485
• 负责人: William Goddard
• 金额: $ 13万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0948485&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Ion; Absorbing; Microfiltration; Membranes

0948485GoddardThe overall objective of this EArly-concept Grants for Exploratory Research (EAGER) project is to develop low-pressure (0.2-3.0 bar) ion absorbing microfiltration membranes that can reversibly bind and release dissolved anions/cations by intermittently backwashing the membrane hollow fibers with acidic/basic solutions. This new filtration technology would replace current water treatment/desalination technologies utilizing reverse osmosis (RO), which is energy-intensive due to the large pressure (40-70 bar) needed to force water to flow against the natural osmotic pressure of saline water while overcoming the hydraulic resistance of an RO membrane. In addition, ion absorbing microfiltration membranes would permit the selective removal of specific ions with high water recovery and much reduced waste volumes. To achieve this objective, we propose to exploit recent advances in nanomaterial synthesis, characterization and modeling to: 1. Design and synthesize low-cost hyperbranched macromolecules with high molar mass (10-100 nm) that can be used as high capacity, selective and recyclable ligands for cations and anions in aqueous solutions; 2. Develop a new generation of low-pressure filtration membranes for water treatment and desalination by embedding and/or covalently attaching these ion-absorbing hyperbranched macromolecules onto hollow polymeric fibers. This exploratory research project will require 12 months for its completion. It will consist of proof-of-concept experiments to synthesize ion-absorbing hollow-fibers (IAHF) that can bind and release cations (Na+, Ca2+and Mg2+) and anions (Cl- and SO4 2-) by washing the fibers with acidic/basic solutions. These IAHF will serve as the building blocks for the low-pressure ion absorbing microfiltration membranes. We will initially use (i) low-cost hyperbranched macromolecules and (ii) poly(vinylidene) fluoride (PVDF) as building blocks for the IAHF. The proposed research activities will be structured around two tasks: 1. Task 1: Synthesis and Characterization of Ion-Selective Hyperbranched (ISH) Macromolecules 2. Task 2: Synthesis and Characterization of Hollow-Fibers with Embedded ISH Macromolecules We anticipate the successful completion of this project to provide the proof-of-concept data needed to design and fabricate low-pressure membranes for water treatment and desalination. The development and commercialization of such membranes would have a transformative impact on water treatment and desalination. This project will also provide training opportunities to a post-doctoral research fellow.

0948485Goddarddard探索性研究（急切）项目的总体目标是开发低压（0.2-3.0 bar）吸收微滤膜的离子离子可以可逆地粘合并释放溶解和释放，并通过弥补的含膜空心液与酸/基础溶解的酸性溶解酸盐/阳离子溶解和释放。这项新的过滤技术将取代使用反渗透（RO）的当前水处理/脱盐技术，这是由于迫使水迫使水对盐水自然渗透压力流动的同时克服RO膜的液压耐药性的天然渗透压力所需的巨大压力（40-70 bar）。此外，吸收微滤膜将允许选择性去除高水回收率和大量减少废物量的特定离子。为了实现这一目标，我们建议利用纳米材料合成，表征和建模的最新进展为：1。设计和合成具有高摩尔质量（10-100 nm）的低成本超支大分子（10-100 nm），可以用作高容量，选择性和可回收的阳离子和可回收的阳离子和阳离子的阳离子和繁殖液，用于阳离子和繁殖液的阳离子和繁殖。 2。通过嵌入和/或共价连接到这些吸收性的超细分支大分子上，开发新一代的低压过滤膜来进行水处理和脱盐。该探索性研究项目将需要12个月才能完成。它将由概念验证实验组成，以合成可以结合和释放阳离子（Na+，Ca2+和Mg2+）以及阴离子（CL-和SO4 2-）的构成离子吸收的空心纤维（IAHF）。这些IAHF将用作吸收低压离子微滤膜的构件。我们最初将使用（i）低成本超分支大分子和（ii）聚（乙烯基）氟化物（PVDF）作为IAHF的构件。拟议的研究活动将围绕两个任务进行结构：1。任务1：离子选择性超支（ISH）大分子的合成和表征2。任务2：综合和表征空心纤维的嵌入式ISH ISH Macromolecules的综合和表征，我们预计该项目的成功率是为了确定的范围，以备份范围的范围，并构成了范围的范围，并构成了范围的范围。这种膜的发展和商业化将对水处理和脱盐产生变革性的影响。该项目还将为博士后研究员提供培训机会。