EFRI-HyBi: Maximizing Conversion of Biomass Carbon to Liquid Fuel

EFRI-HyBi：最大限度地将生物质碳转化为液体燃料

• 批准号: 0938033
• 负责人: Rakesh Agrawal
• 金额: $ 200万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0938033&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EFRI; HyBi; Maximizing; Conversion; Biomass

Abstract PI Name: Rakesh AgrawalInstitution: Purdue UniversityProposal Number: 0938033 EFRI-HyBi: Maximizing Conversion of Biomass Carbon to Liquid FuelThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)Intellectual Merit: To date, all biomass conversion processes are limited in the fraction of lignocellulosic-derived carbon that is converted to liquid fuel. Based on total lignocellulosic carbon mass and current conversion processes, the carbon recovery into fuel is limited to less than 40%. In order to minimize the land area needed to grow biomass to meet our nation?s liquid fuel demand for the transportation sector, it is essential that the efficiency of conversion of biomass carbon to liquid fuel be maximized. To this end the synergistic development of a thermal conversion process using catalysts is envisioned, with optimized structures and composition of lignocellulosic biomass, to yield directly high-energy density liquid fuels. If direct conversion cannot be optimized, oxygen removal from the biomass will be improved for a bio-crude that may be further refined. Preliminary data indicate a dependence on cell wall composition and structure for the reaction products of biomass in pyrolytic conditions. The basis for the work is the hypothesis that modification of key molecular bonds in wall architecture will reduce the temperature (energy input) required to produce a bio-oil and also change the distribution of molecular species released during hydropyrolysis at the new temperature. The intellectual merit of this proposal resides in the synergistic development of fundamental knowledge in each of the areas: (i) a chemical process using fast-hydropyrolysis along with in-situ hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) for biomass conversion, (ii) suitable catalyst development to enhance activity and selectivity of the thermal reactions; (iii) gene discovery for engineering of biomass tailored for its end-use in fast-hydropyrolysis/HDO, (iv) scientific and technical knowledge base to build small-scale distributed plants with low energy inputs and low supplemental hydrogen consumption, avoiding transportation of biomass over long distances. Study of all these aspects in parallel will reveal synergies for the production of energy-dense liquid fuel molecules that have not been seen before. The diverse team brings together experts in plant genomics, reaction engineering, catalysis, process systems analysis, chemistry and chemical engineering to create an interdisciplinary knowledge base that transforms the carbon and energy efficiencies of biofuels production.Broader impact: The proposed research and resulting technologies will have impact at multiple levels. They will introduce new and transformative concepts in the conversion of the entire biomass carbon to liquid fuel and will create scientific knowledge linking the physical and chemical structure of biomass to the conversion process using fasthydropyrolysis/ HDO. The use of maize mutants, transgenic lines, and diversity lines and their recombinant inbreds will allow rapid identification of genes controlling desirable quality traits that impact conversion efficiency for future translation to a variety of energy crops. Successful outcomes from the project will lead to the development of small distributed scale plants that will have environmental, commercial and economic impact of global proportions. The research results will be disseminated through conferences, journal articles, and the internet and by their incorporation in various energy-related courses and lectures at Purdue. Research opportunities will be provided to undergraduate and graduate students, and provided through existing outreach programs at Purdue. The PIs will disseminate information to and engage with chemical and energy companies to facilitate future implementation and thereby accelerate economic impact.

摘要PI名称：Rakesh Agrawalinstitution：Purdue University Propossoposal编号：0938033 EFRI-HYBI：最大化生物量碳碳向液体燃料的转换最大化，根据2009年《美国复苏和再投资法》（公共法律111-5）的智力优先权：所有这些奖项（所有人）生物量转化过程在转换为液体燃料的木质纤维素衍生的碳的比例中受到限制。基于总木质纤维素碳质量和当前的转化过程，碳回收为燃料的限制不到40％。为了最大程度地减少种植生物质以满足我们国家对运输部门的液体燃料需求所需的土地面积，必须最大化生物质碳转化为液体燃料的效率。为此，设想了使用催化剂的热转化过程的协同发展，并具有优化的结构和木质纤维素生物量的组成，以产生直接的高能量密度密度液体燃料。如果无法优化直接转化，则可以改善从生物质中去除氧气，以进一步完善生物监管。初步数据表明在热解条件下生物质的反应产物的细胞壁组成和结构的依赖性。这项工作的基础是假设，即在墙壁结构中修改关键分子键将降低产生生物油所需的温度（能量输入），并改变在新温度下氢底液溶解过程中释放的分子物种的分布。该提案的智力优点在于每个领域的基本知识的协同发展：（i）使用快速 - 氢荷溶解的化学过程以及基于生物量转化的原位加氢脱氧（HDO），（ii）适当的催化剂开发至增强热反应的活性和选择性； （iii）针对其在快速 - 氢化液溶解/HDO的最终使用量身定制的生物质工程的基因发现，（IV）科学和技术知识基础，以建造具有低能量输入和低补充氢消耗的小规模分布植物，避免运输的运输长距离的生物量。对所有这些方面并行的研究将揭示以前从未见过的能量密集液体燃料分子的协同作用。多样化的团队汇集了植物基因组学，反应工程，催化，过程系统分析，化学和化学工程的专家，以创建一个跨学科知识基础，从而改变了生物燃料生产的碳和能量效率。在多个层面上产生影响。他们将在整个生物质碳转换为液体燃料中引入新的和变革性的概念，并将创建科学知识，将生物质的物理和化学结构与使用Fasthydropypropylosy/ HDO联系起来。使用玉米突变体，转基因线和多样性线及其重组近交将允许快速鉴定控制理想的质量特征，这些基因影响了所需的转化效率，以使将来转化为各种能量作物。该项目的成功成果将导致开发小型分布式规模植物，这些植物将对全球比例产生环境，商业和经济影响。该研究结果将通过会议，期刊文章和互联网以及他们在普渡大学的各种能源相关课程和讲座中纳入。研究机会将提供给本科生和研究生，并通过普渡大学的现有外展计划提供。 PI将传播信息并与化学和能源公司互动，以促进未来的实施，从而加快经济影响。