Collaborative Research: Management and Logistics Operations for the U.S. GEOTRACES Zonal North Atlantic Survey Section

合作研究：美国 GEOTRACES 北大西洋区域调查组的管理和物流运作

• 批准号: 0926423
• 负责人: William Jenkins
• 金额: $ 44.06万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0926423&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Management; Logistics; Operations

Trace elements are known to play important roles as nutrients in biological cycling, particularly in regard to enzymatic and catalytic processes in the open ocean. Isotopes are valuable tracers of these and related processes, and of the ocean's interaction with the atmosphere and the solid earth, which in turn play a role in shaping many trace element distributions within the ocean. Nevertheless, significant gaps exist in both our knowledge of the larger scale distributions of these TEIs (trace elements and isotopes) in the ocean and in our understanding of the processes responsible for those distributions. This shortfall has implications for numerous scientific endeavors that are relevant to a broad range of intellectual and societal issues, including the carbon cycle and climate change, as well as the marine food web and direct anthropogenic impacts on the oceans. Recent advances in sampling and analytical techniques coupled with a better understanding of the roles of TEIs in ocean biogeochemical cycles present us with an opportunity to rectify this problem. Moreover, we are motivated by the prospect of ongoing global change and the need to understand the present and future workings of the ocean's biogeochemical cycles. In this project, researchers at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Old Dominion University will be funded to handle the management and logistics associated with the first US GEOTRACES zonal section in the North Atlantic as part of a global survey. With this support they will: 1) organize and mount a 52 day research cruise; 2) manage on-board water sampling, including GO-Flo and Niskin bottle operational QA/QC (quality assessment and control); 3) 0btain, store, and ship back to the U.S. trace-metal clean water samples; 4) monitor trace-metal clean sampling using on-board Zn measurements; 5) acquire, quality control and manage hydrographic data (including CTD, transmissometer, fluorometer, oxygen electrode data, discrete sample salinity and dissolved oxygen measurements, and micromolar and nanomolar inorganic nutrients); 6) QA/QC shipboard measurements and submit data to the GEOTRACES data repository; 7) prepare a framework hydrographic report/synthesis for cruise participants and publication; and 8) coordinate pre- and post-cruise meetings The cruise track and station locations were designed to highlight key processes and identify the major features of key TEIs distributions. Broader Impacts: It is widely agreed that the ocean biogeochemical research community needs a global picture of the key and ancillary GEOTRACES properties; the major impact of this project will be in its service to that community. This service will enable the development of better ocean biogeochemical models so that we can assess the likely impact of future climate change and anthropogenic pollution, and provide a basis for understanding changes observed in past oceans. The development of a reliable platform and procedures for sampling trace metals and isotopes will provide the community with a platform for future oceanographic fieldwork. The development of teams that understand the proper sampling and measurement techniques, many of whom will be graduate students and postdocs, will supply the community with a pool of skills necessary to achieve the goals of the next generation of ocean research programs.

众所周知，微量元素作为营养物质在生物循环中发挥着重要作用，特别是在公海的酶促和催化过程中。同位素是这些和相关过程以及海洋与大气和固体地球相互作用的有价值的示踪剂，而这些相互作用反过来又在塑造海洋内许多微量元素的分布中发挥着作用。然而，我们对这些 TEI（痕量元素和同位素）在海洋中的更大规模分布的了解以及对造成这些分布的过程的理解都存在重大差距。这种短缺对与广泛的知识和社会问题相关的众多科学努力产生了影响，包括碳循环和气候变化，以及海洋食物网和对海洋的直接人为影响。采样和分析技术的最新进展，加上对 TEI 在海洋生物地球化学循环中的作用的更好理解，为我们提供了纠正这一问题的机会。此外，全球持续变化的前景以及了解海洋生物地球化学循环当前和未来运作的需要也激励着我们。在该项目中，伍兹霍尔海洋研究所、麻省理工学院和奥多明尼恩大学的研究人员将获得资助，负责处理与北大西洋第一个美国 GEOTRACES 分区相关的管理和后勤工作，作为全球调查的一部分。 有了这些支持，他们将： 1) 组织并开展为期 52 天的研究巡航； 2) 管理船上水采样，包括 GO-Flo 和 Niskin 瓶操作 QA/QC（质量评估和控制）； 3) 0获取、储存并运回美国痕量金属清洁水样； 4) 使用机载锌测量来监测痕量金属清洁取样； 5）采集、质量控制和管理水文数据（包括CTD、透射计、荧光计、氧电极数据、离散样品盐度和溶解氧测量以及微摩尔和纳摩尔无机营养物）； 6) QA/QC船上测量并将数据提交至GEOTRACES数据存储库； 7) 为巡航参与者准备一份框架水文报告/综合报告并出版； 8) 协调邮轮前后的会议 邮轮轨道和车站位置的设计旨在突出关键流程并确定关键 TEI 分布的主要特征。更广泛的影响：人们普遍认为海洋生物地球化学研究界需要了解关键和辅助 GEOTRACES 特性的全球概况；该项目的主要影响将在于为该社区提供服务。这项服务将有助于开发更好的海洋生物地球化学模型，以便我们能够评估未来气候变化和人为污染可能产生的影响，并为了解过去海洋中观察到的变化提供基础。开发用于痕量金属和同位素采样的可靠平台和程序将为社区未来的海洋学实地工作提供一个平台。了解正确采样和测量技术的团队（其中许多人将是研究生和博士后）的发展将为社区提供实现下一代海洋研究项目目标所需的技能。