Collaborative Research: Function, activity, and adaptation of microbial communities in geochemically diverse subseafloor habitats

合作研究：地球化学多样化的海底生境中微生物群落的功能、活动和适应

• 批准号: 0929167
• 负责人: Julie Huber
• 金额: $ 47.06万
• 依托单位: Marine Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0929167&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Function; activity; adaptation

The integration of both laboratory and field-based chemical and microbiological measurements into a quantitative predictive framework is crucial to understanding the microbial ecology of marine systems. This project work will provide a quantitative assessment of the functional diversity, activity, and physiological adaptation of microbial communities in geochemically diverse subseafloor habitats. Results will guide development of models for linking biogeochemical processes with particular microbial communities at deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with implications for other marine habitats as well. The focus of the effort is at Axial Seamount, a well-studied, active, deep-sea hydrothermal seamount in the NE Pacific Ocean. Samples already collected from Axial, along with a field program in Year 2, will serve as the foundation for the three objectives, which are to: 1. Determine and quantify the functional diversity and activity (expression) of key subseafloor microbial lineages at Axial Seamount. 2. Determine physiological adaptations to the subseafloor habitat by quantifying the growth response of Axial Seamount isolates to in-situ geochemical parameters. 3. Develop a quantitative predictive framework for linking particular types of geochemical vent conditions with specific microbial functional groups and activities at Axial Seamount. Specific outcomes of this project include the creation of a comprehensive quantitative microbiological and chemical dataset on diffuse and adjacent high-temperature vents within Axial Seamount. This database will include chemical measurements (gases, nutrients, metals, isotopes, and calculated Gibbs free energies) relevant to microbial metabolic processes that can be compared to microbiological data (abundance and activity of microbial lineages and functional genes, growth rates of subseafloor isolates at relevant environmental conditions) using statistical analysis to identify how specific microbial activity is linked to the geochemical environment. This project builds on previous studies of microbial population structure and geochemical measurements at Axial Seamount and addresses critical gaps in current knowledge and understanding that are impeding progress of modeling hydrothermal systems. Results will increase understanding of deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems as well as provide new insights into controls on the distribution and activity of marine microbial communities throughout the world's oceans. Broader Impacts: This project is interdisciplinary in nature, at the interface of microbial ecology and deep-sea oceanography with direct links to international and national research and educational organizations. Methods development and results from this work will complement current subseafloor investigations at ridge flanks and active hydrothermal systems, including the NSF-Microbial Observatory on the Juan de Fuca Ridge in the North Pacific and the upcoming Integrated Ocean Drilling Program's North Pond expedition in the North Atlantic, as well as integrate with the newly developed NSF Research Coordination Network focused on the deep biosphere. Undergraduate and graduate students will be involved in curriculum development and laboratory and field research, allowing for one-on-one mentoring opportunities at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) and Northwest Florida State College (NWF). In addition, the project includes a unique education and outreach effort that links MBL, a research institution, with NWF, a community college, in order to impact a group traditionally far removed from research science. During the three-year project, four community college students from NWF will actively participate in a research program at MBL through an internship opportunity. In addition, a classroom module incorporating real scientific data from this research program will be developed to greatly expand the number of community college students impacted by the work. Through the partnership, real cutting-edge science will be accessible to NWF students. Dissemination of the developed module to other community college instructors will facilitate an even broader impact, and this novel education and outreach effort will serve as a model to promote other researcher-community college teacher partnership programs.

将实验室和基于现场的化学和微生物测量的整合到定量预测框架中对于理解海洋系统的微生物生态学至关重要。这项项目工作将对地球化学多样化的子植物栖息地中微生物群落的功能多样性，活性和生理适应性进行定量评估。结果将指导开发模型，以将生物地球化学过程与深海水热通风口的特定微生物群落联系起来，这也对其他海洋栖息地也有影响。这项工作的重点是在NE Pacific Pacific的轴向海山上，这是一个经过良好研究，活跃的，深海的热液封口。已经从轴向收集的样本以及2年级的现场计划将作为三个目标的基础，这些目标是：1。确定和量化轴向海底下关键子层面微生物谱系的功能多样性和活动（表达）。 2。通过量化轴向海山分离株对原位地球化学参数的生长反应来确定对中层状栖息地的生理适应。 3。开发一个定量预测框架，以将特定类型的地球化学排气条件与特定的微生物官能团和轴向海拔的活动联系起来。该项目的具体结果包括在轴向封口内创建一个综合的定量微生物和化学数据集。该数据库将包括与微生物代谢过程相关的化学测量值（气体，养分，金属，同位素和计算出的Gibbs自由能），这些过程可以与微生物学数据进行比较（微生物谱系的丰度和活性）（在相关环境条件下的生长率与统计学分析相关的生长速率，与微生物的生长速率相关的统计学分析）与统计学分析有关。该项目建立在轴向海山时微生物种群结构和地球化学测量的先前研究的基础上，并解决了当前知识和理解中的关键差距，这些差距阻碍了建模水热系统的进展。结果将增加对深海热液生态系统的了解，并为对海洋微生物社区在世界海洋中的分布和活动的控制提供新的见解。更广泛的影响：该项目本质上是跨学科的，在微生物生态学和深海海洋学的界面上，与国际和国家研究和教育组织有直接联系。 Methods development and results from this work will complement current subseafloor investigations at ridge flanks and active hydrothermal systems, including the NSF-Microbial Observatory on the Juan de Fuca Ridge in the North Pacific and the upcoming Integrated Ocean Drilling Program's North Pond expedition in the North Atlantic, as well as integrate with the newly developed NSF Research Coordination Network focused on the deep biosphere.本科生和研究生将参与课程开发以及实验室和实地研究，从而在海洋生物实验室（MBL）和西北佛罗里达州立大学（NWF）中提供一对一的指导机会。此外，该项目还包括独特的教育和外展工作，将研究机构MBL与社区学院NWF联系起来，以影响一个传统上与研究科学相距甚远的群体。在为期三年的项目中，来自NWF的四名社区大学生将通过实习机会积极参加MBL的研究计划。此外，将开发结合该研究计划中真正科学数据的教室模块，以大大扩大受工作影响的社区大学生数量。通过合作伙伴关系，NWF学生将可以访问真正的尖端科学。将开发模块传播给其他社区大学教师将促进更广泛的影响，而这种新颖的教育和外展工作将成为促进其他研究人员社区大学教师伙伴关系计划的典范。