Collaborative Research: The dynamics of geographic ranges: Origin and maintenance of marine diversity gradients

合作研究：地理范围的动态：海洋多样性梯度的起源和维持

• 批准号: 0922156
• 负责人: David Jablonski
• 金额: $ 27万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0922156&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; dynamics; geographic; ranges

Collaborative Research: The dynamics of geographic ranges: Origin and maintenance of marine diversity gradientsDavid I Jablonski, University of ChicagoJames W. Valentine, University of California, BerkeleyThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). The most striking large-scale pattern in biological diversity is the dramatic increase in the number of species and higher taxa from the poles to the tropics. However, the dynamics that generate and maintain that trend remain poorly understood, despite their importance not only for evolutionary and ecological theory, but for the management and conservation of biological resources. In developing marine bivalves as a model system for tracking evolutionary and geographic histories of biodiversity (because bivalves are diverse and well-sampled in most marine environments and have a rich and well-documented fossil record), we have found that the spatial expansion of evolutionary lineages across latitude is a crucial factor shaping the global diversity gradient. Our proposed study will use the marine bivalves to evaluate how these dynamics operate, by tracing present-day bivalve biodiversity back through the past 25 million years. We will focus on three major questions: 1) What is the process of range expansion?2) Is range expansion selective? 3) What inhibits range expansion? This work exemplifies the key data and analyses that the fossil record can contribute to understanding biodiversity dynamics at global and regional scales. We can use the geologic record to assess both the major biological factors governing those dynamics, and the interaction of intrinsic, biological factors with extrinsic, time-varying climatic factors in shaping diversity in time and space. By documenting the long-term responses of marine bivalves to climatic events of the recent geologic past, our study will also provide a better foundation for predicting the response of the living biota to future climate change. In addition, by incorporating biotic factors such as body size and geographic range size in a dynamical framework, this work will furnish a bridge between paleontological data and studies of present-day biodiversity. And this research will support the education of a graduate student and a postdoctoral researcher, who will be treated as full collaborators in this work, including training in research planning, presentation of results, publication, and career guidance. We will continue to develop on-line educational resources derived from our research (pages on our work at the Understanding Evolution website have received 58,000 visits).

协作研究：地理范围的动态：海洋多样性的起源和维护gradientsdavid I Jablonski，芝加哥大学W. Valentine，加利福尼亚大学，伯克利大学，根据2009年的《美国复苏与再投资法》（公共法律111-5）资助。 生物多样性中最引人注目的大规模模式是物种数量的急剧增加和从极力到热带地区的较高分类单元。但是，尽管它们的重要性不仅对进化论和生态理论，而且对于生物资源的管理和保护，但产生和维持这种趋势的动力仍然很少理解。在开发海洋双壳类动物作为跟踪生物多样性进化和地理历史的模型系统时（因为双壳类是多样的，并且在大多数海洋环境中采样了，并且具有丰富且有据可查的化石记录），我们发现了进化的空间扩展跨纬度的血统是塑造全球多样性梯度的关键因素。我们拟议的研究将使用海洋双壳类动物来评估这些动力学的运作方式，通过追溯到过去2500万年的当今双壳类生物多样性。我们将重点关注三个主要问题：1）范围扩展的过程是什么？2）范围扩展是选择性的吗？ 3）是什么抑制范围扩展？这项工作例证了关键数据，并分析了化石记录可以有助于理解全球和区域尺度上的生物多样性动态。 我们可以使用地质记录来评估控制这些动力学的主要生物学因素，以及内在的，生物学因素与外在的，随时间变化的气候因素的相互作用，以塑造时间和空间的多样性。通过记录海洋双壳类对最近地质过去气候事件的长期反应，我们的研究还将为预测活生生物对未来气候变化的反应提供更好的基础。此外，通过将生物因素（例如身体大小和地理范围大小）纳入动态框架，这项工作将提供古生物学数据和当前生物多样性研究之间的桥梁。这项研究将支持研究生和博士后研究人员的教育，他们将被视为这项工作的正式合作者，包括研究计划，结果，出版物和职业指导的培训。我们将继续开发从我们的研究中获得的在线教育资源（我们在《了解进化》网站的工作中的页面已接到58,000次访问）。