Filament Dynamics in Three-Dimensional Reaction-Diffusion Systems

三维反应扩散系统中的细丝动力学

• 批准号: 0910657
• 负责人: Oliver Steinbock
• 金额: $ 36.8万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0910657&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Filament; Dynamics; Three; Dimensional; Reaction

In this award, funded by the Experimental Physical Chemistry Program of the Division of Chemistry, Professor Oliver Steinbock of Florida State University (FSU), together with his student researchers, will investigate the dynamics of three-dimensional wave patterns in reacting chemical systems. These complex patterns arise solely from the interplay of local reactions and diffusion but do not involve fluid motion. The particular focus is on scroll waves which are rotating three-dimensional spirals. These structures exist in a variety of excitable systems, such as autocatalytic chemical reactions, aggregating slime mold colonies, neuronal tissue and the human heart. In the latter system, they possibly cause dangerous cardiac arrhythmias and fibrillation. Many aspects of scroll wave dynamics can be explained in terms of the motion of the one-dimensional space curves (or "filaments") around which they rotate. This motion depends strongly on the local filament curvature and gradients in rotation phase. While today most of these factors are understood, little is known regarding the interaction of filaments with other filaments, high-frequency wave patterns, and unexcitable obstacles. The development of a comprehensive understanding of these types of interactions defines the primary intellectual merit of the proposed research. Experiments will employ the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction and use detection techniques such as optical tomography. Experimental results will be compared to numerical simulations of semi-quantitative and general kinematic models. In particular, scroll wave pinning to and unpinning from unexcitable obstacles has a profound broader impact because dangerous reentrant waves in the human heart potentially attach to anatomical and pathological defects. In this context, the project will yield fundamental insights into the occurrence of "sudden cardiac death" which kills more than 300,000 people per year in the US alone. Moreover, our project will further the education of several undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral students. Professor Steinbock will also continue his commitment to involve underrepresented groups and participate in programs that aim to increase their leadership roles in research and academia. In addition, his team will develop and implement novel outreach activities to communicate key results to the public FSU's Global Educational Outreach Program, PodCasts, popular websites such as YouTube, and local activities such as FSU's Honors Program and the "Saturday Morning Physics" series.

佛罗里达州立大学（FSU）的奥利弗·斯坦博克（Oliver Steinbock）教授与他的学生研究人员一起，在该奖项中，由化学系实验化学化学计划资助，将研究化学系统反应中三维波模式的动态。 这些复杂模式仅来自局部反应和扩散的相互作用，但不涉及流体运动。 特别的重点是旋转三维螺旋的滚动波。这些结构存在于多种兴奋的系统中，例如自催化化学反应，聚集的粘液霉菌菌落，神经元组织和人心脏。 在后一个系统中，它们可能引起危险的心律失常和纤颤。 滚动波动力学的许多方面可以用它们旋转的一维空间曲线（或“丝”）的运动来解释。 这种运动在很大程度上取决于局部细丝曲率和旋转阶段的梯度。 尽管今天已经了解了这些因素中的大多数，但关于细丝与其他细丝，高频波模式和不可避免的障碍的相互作用知之甚少。 对这些类型相互作用的全面理解的发展定义了拟议研究的主要知识优点。 实验将采用Belousov-Zhabotinsky反应，并使用检测技术，例如光学断层扫描。 实验结果将与半定量和一般运动学模型的数值模拟进行比较。 特别是，滚动波浪固定在不可避免的障碍物上并取消固定的影响更大，因为人类心脏中危险的重新进入的波浪可能附着于解剖学和病理缺陷上。 在这种情况下，该项目将对“突然心脏死亡”发生的根本见解，仅在美国，每年就会造成30万以上的人。 此外，我们的项目将进一步教育几位本科生，研究生和博士后学生。 Steinbock教授还将继续致力于参与代表性不足的团体，并参与旨在提高其在研究和学术界领导角色的计划。 此外，他的团队将开发和实施新颖的外展活动，以向公共FSU的全球教育外展计划，播客，YouTube等热门网站以及FSU的荣誉计划和“星期六早晨的物理学”系列传达关键结果。