RUI: Theoretical Investigation of CP Violation in Extensions of the Standard Model

RUI：标准模型扩展中 CP 破坏的理论研究

• 批准号: 0900914
• 负责人: Ken Kiers
• 金额: $ 9万
• 依托单位: Taylor University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0900914&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Theoretical; Investigation; CP; Violation

"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."One of the strongest emphases in particle physics today is on searching for signals of "new physics", that is, physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). The next few years could witness important discoveries as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experimentalists map out physics at the TeV scale. Complementary searches for new physics (NP) are also underway at low energies, using indirect probes. Results from neutrino physics have already provided exciting hints regarding the structure of physics beyond the SM. Future neutrino experiments will continue to map out the masses, mixings and CP properties of neutrinos and to probe their essential nature (i.e., Majorana or Dirac). On another front, LHCb is expected to build on the precision B meson measurements made at Babar and Belle; a possible Super Flavor Factory could extend this reach, and would also make important contributions to tau and charm studies. Several of the low- and high-energy experiments are expected to employ CP-odd observables in the search for NP, since many extensions of the SM contain novel sources of CP violation. CP-odd observables can be useful discriminators between NP and SM effects; furthermore, such observables could help discern the structure of NP.The Principal Investigator will assess phenomenological effects of several extensions of the SM, concentrating on observables that are odd under CP. A complementary focus of the proposed work is expected to be the constraint, modification or generalization of various extensions of the SM. The proposed work will include emphases on both low- and high-energy processes. In the former case, the effects of new particles will be sought. In the latter, studies will be performed assuming that new particles could be produced on-shell in a collider environment. Specific projects include the calculation of rate asymmetries in chargino, stau and sbottom decays within supersymmetry, as well as investigations of top quark decays and certain B decays to vector-vector final states. Some of the broader impacts are that the proposed work will be useful to experimentalists as they begin to sift through large amounts of data searching for signals of NP.The direct involvement of several undergraduate students in the research will enhance the educational experiences of those students and will better prepare them for entrance into top graduate schools. The increased level of undergraduate research will also help the institution attract highly qualified undergraduate students to the physics program and will be particularly helpful in attracting more female and minority students, who are currently underrepresented in the physics program at Taylor.

“该奖项是根据 2009 年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法 111-5）资助的。”当今粒子物理学最重要的重点之一是寻找“新物理学”的信号，即超越标准的物理学型号（SM）。 随着大型强子对撞机 (LHC) 实验人员在 TeV 尺度上绘制物理学图，未来几年可能会出现重要发现。使用间接探针在低能量下对新物理（NP）的补充搜索也在进行中。中微子物理学的结果已经为超微结构之外的物理学结构提供了令人兴奋的线索。未来的中微子实验将继续绘制中微子的质量、混合和CP特性，并探索它们的本质（即马约拉纳或狄拉克）。另一方面，LHCb 预计将建立在 Babar 和 Belle 进行的精确 B 介子测量的基础上；一个可能的超级风味工厂可以扩大这一范围，并且也将为 tau 蛋白和魅力研究做出重要贡献。一些低能和高能实验预计将采用 CP 奇可观测量来寻找 NP，因为 SM 的许多扩展都包含 CP 破坏的新来源。 CP 奇可观测量可以作为 NP 和 SM 效应之间有用的区分器；此外，这样的可观测量可以帮助辨别 NP 的结构。 首席研究员将评估 SM 的几种扩展的现象学效应，重点关注 CP 下奇数的可观测量。所提出的工作的一个补充重点预计是对 SM 的各种扩展的约束、修改或概括。拟议的工作将重点关注低能和高能过程。在前一种情况下，将寻求新粒子的影响。在后者中，将假设可以在对撞机环境中在壳上产生新粒子来进行研究。具体项目包括计算超对称内的 chargino、stau 和 sbottom 衰变的速率不对称性，以及顶夸克衰变和某些 B 衰变到矢量-矢量最终状态的研究。一些更广泛的影响是，拟议的工作将对实验者有用，因为他们开始筛选大量数据，寻找 NP 信号。几名本科生直接参与研究将增强这些学生的教育经验，将为他们进入顶尖研究生院做好更好的准备。本科生研究水平的提高也将有助于该机构吸引高素质的本科生进入物理项目，尤其有助于吸引更多的女性和少数族裔学生，而这些学生目前在泰勒的物理项目中代表性不足。