Spume Droplet Source Function:Measurements and Theory

泡沫液滴源功能：测量和理论

• 批准号: 0850663
• 负责人: Fabrice Veron
• 金额: $ 20.83万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-02-01 至 2012-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0850663&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Spume; Droplet; Source; Function; Measurements

The coupled air-sea boundary layers play an important role in the fluxes of momentum, mass, heat, and moisture between the ocean and the atmosphere and sea-spray is involved all these air-sea transfers. Indeed, while suspended in the air, even for a short time, water droplets have time to exchange significant amounts of heat, moisture, and momentum with the atmosphere. In fact, evidence suggests that a significant amount of the air-sea heat flux is carried by the sea-spray. However, there is still no consensus as to the range of wind speeds over which sea-spray effects cannot be neglected. Furthermore, because of their mass and surface area, the larger so-called spume droplets have the largest potential for exchanging momentum and heat with the air. Yet, these large droplets generally fall back shortly after being generated and remain within a wave height of the surface thereby evading traditional "fixed" measurement techniques. In addition, the detailed physics of their generation mechanism is not yet know, thereby preventing adequate modeling. The project is concerned with the source function and generation mechanism for these large droplets. Better knowledge about the generation of large water droplets at the surface of the ocean, which may have the potential impact on the overall balance of the multiple transfers between the atmosphere and the ocean is needed. This might be especially significant in high wind speed regimes such as hurricanes. While this work deals with specific aspects of small-scale air-sea interaction, it has much broader impacts and societal benefit beyond the scientific community. The broader impact of this research will include an improved understanding of the coupling of the oceans and the atmosphere, which will lead to better coupled models of weather and climate. Our ability to predict seasonal fluctuations and secular climate change has an important impact multiple industries and markets, as well as national disaster and threat preparedness. Ultimately, good national and international environmental policy relies on a solid scientific basis for decision making, and the work will contribute to that effort. Results from this research will be disseminated in professional journal publications and conferences, and, where appropriate, more popular avenues of publication. For example, the PI participates in multiple outreach programs involving visits of the unique Air-Sea Interaction facility at the University of Delaware, Lab demonstrations, and teaching during a residential summer camp designed to provide a college-like experience to high school juniors and seniors.

耦合的海气边界层在海洋和大气之间的动量、质量、热量和水分通量中发挥着重要作用，而海喷雾参与了所有这些海气传输。事实上，当悬浮在空气中时，即使时间很短，水滴也有时间与大气交换大量的热量、水分和动量。事实上，有证据表明大量的海气热通量是由海浪喷雾携带的。然而，对于不能忽视海浪喷雾效应的风速范围，目前尚未达成共识。此外，由于其质量和表面积，较大的所谓泡沫液滴具有与空气交换动量和热量的最大潜力。然而，这些大液滴通常在生成后不久就会回落并保留在表面的波高内，从而避开传统的“固定”测量技术。此外，其生成机制的详细物理原理尚不清楚，因此无法进行充分的建模。该项目关注这些大液滴的来源功能和生成机制。需要更好地了解海洋表面大水滴的生成，这可能对大气和海洋之间多重传输的整体平衡产生潜在影响。这在飓风等高风速情况下可能尤其重要。虽然这项工作涉及小规模海气相互作用的具体方面，但它具有科学界之外更广泛的影响和社会效益。这项研究的更广泛影响将包括更好地了解海洋和大气之间的耦合，这将导致更好的天气和气候耦合模型。我们预测季节性波动和长期气候变化的能力对多个行业和市场以及国家灾难和威胁防范具有重要影响。最终，良好的国家和国际环境政策依赖于坚实的决策科学基础，而这项工作将为这一努力做出贡献。这项研究的结果将在专业期刊出版物和会议上传播，并在适当情况下通过更受欢迎的出版途径传播。例如，PI 参与多个外展项目，包括参观特拉华大学独特的海空相互作用设施、实验室演示以及住宿夏令营期间的教学，该夏令营旨在为高中三年级和四年级学生提供类似大学的体验。