CAREER: Fluctuation Phenomena Near Quantum Phase Transitions

职业：量子相变附近的涨落现象

• 批准号: 0847224
• 负责人: Victor Galitski
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0847224&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Fluctuation; Phenomena; Near; Quantum

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis CAREER award supports integrating fundamental theoretical condensed matter physics research on quantum fluctuation phenomena and education activities on relating theoretical results and ideas to experiment and communicating them to a broad audience.The research part of the proposal is devoted to the theoretical studies of quantum fluctuation phenomena in a variety of electronic systems. The main objective is to develop a quantitative microscopic theory of certain quantum phase transitions and to connect it to the existing phenomenological approaches:1. The PI will investigate the unusual physics of quantum superconductor-to-insulator transition (SIT) in low-dimensional systems and study the interplay between superconducting and phase fluctuations in order to describe transport properties near the transition. The primary goals of this project are to formulate a non-perturbative theory of the SIT and connect the microscopic fermionic approach with the effective field theory models, e.g., with the dual vortex theory. 2. Motivated by recent experiments, which unexpectedly observed a mysterious metallic state in superconducting films, the PI will explore different theoretical scenarios for a Bose metal phase in two dimensions. In addition, the PI will study mesoscopic disorder fluctuations in order to develop a realistic theory of the non-linear transport observed in the unusual metallic phase.3. The PI aims to combine the strong-coupling model of superconductivity and the quantum generalization of the celebrated Aslamazov-Larkin theory. The objective is to construct a microscopic two-order-parameter theory, where both the pairing field and the magnetic order parameter are dynamic variables. This research has the aim of studying a variety of phenomena in superconductors, itinerant ferromagnets, and heavy fermion materials.The educational/outreach component is involves developing new courses and educational materials, which will be done in close collaboration with the Maryland physics education group. The PI has an established record of attracting underrepresented groups into condensed matter physics and further such opportunities will be sought and developed. The outreach component will include a series of public lectures and demonstrations on the subject of superconductivity to middle- and high-school students and participation in the Research Experience for Undergraduates program. In addition, the PI will develop a professional dynamic web-resource to disseminate the results of physics education and condensed matter research to the interested investigators, physics teachers, and general public.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis CAREER award supports fundamental theoretical condensed matter physics research and education aiming to extend our understanding of superconductivity ? a state of matter where electrons pair together and act in concert as reflected by an absence of any loss to the flow of electric current. Particularly with the discovery of new materials that exhibit superconductivity at ever higher temperatures, superconductivity may enable efficient electric power transmission, electric motors, and new electronic device technologies. This work contributes to the intellectual foundations upon which such technological advances may be built.The PI aims to develop a theory that will address outstanding issues in our understanding of superconductivity. It will, in part, build upon the standard theory of superconductivity that successfully describes superconductivity that abruptly appears from an ordinary metallic state in materials as the temperature is lowered through a material specific temperature that is close to the absolute zero of temperature. It will include experimentally accessible phenomena, for example in very thin superconducting materials, that lie outside the standard description. The PI will develop a theoretical framework that will enable the study of physical mechanisms that were not envisioned in the standard theory and which lead to superconductivity abruptly forming from a metallic state. This research may have impact on newly discovered superconducting compounds where superconductivity occurs at much higher temperatures than those for which the standard theory applies. The PI will also study phase transformations that occur from the superconducting state at the absolute zero of temperature and new states of matter that involve superconductivity that may arise in thin films of superconducting material. These are currently of fundamental scientific importance, but may also lead to useful technologies in the future.The educational/outreach component is involves developing new courses and educational materials, which will be done in close collaboration with the Maryland physics education group. The PI has an established record of attracting underrepresented groups into condensed matter physics and further such opportunities will be sought and developed. The outreach component will include a series of public lectures and demonstrations on the subject of superconductivity to middle- and high-school students and participation in the Research Experience for Undergraduates program. In addition, the PI will develop a professional dynamic web-resource to disseminate the results of physics education and condensed matter research to the interested investigators, physics teachers, and general public.

该奖项根据 2009 年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法 111-5）提供资助。技术摘要该职业奖支持将量子涨落现象的基础理论凝聚态物理研究与将理论结果和想法与实验和交流联系起来的教育活动相结合该提案的研究部分致力于各种电子系统中量子涨落现象的理论研究。主要目标是发展某些量子相变的定量微观理论，并将其与现有的现象学方法联系起来：1。 PI 将研究低维系统中量子超导体到绝缘体转变 (SIT) 的不寻常物理现象，并研究超导和相涨落之间的相互作用，以描述转变附近的输运特性。该项目的主要目标是制定 SIT 的非微扰理论，并将微观费米子方法与有效场论模型（例如双涡旋理论）联系起来。 2. 最近的实验意外地观察到了超导薄膜中神秘的金属态，受其启发，PI 将探索二维玻色金属相的不同理论场景。此外，PI还将研究介观无序波动，以发展在不寻常金属相中观察到的非线性输运的现实理论。3．该 PI 旨在将超导的强耦合模型与著名的阿斯拉马佐夫-拉金理论的量子推广相结合。目标是构建微观二阶参数理论，其中配对场和磁阶参数都是动态变量。这项研究的目的是研究超导体、巡回铁磁体和重费米子材料中的各种现象。教育/推广部分涉及开发新课程和教育材料，这将与马里兰州物理教育小组密切合作完成。 PI 在吸引代表性不足的群体进入凝聚态物理学方面有着良好的记录，并将进一步寻求和开发此类机会。外展部分将包括向中学生和高中生举办一系列关于超导性主题的公开讲座和演示，以及参与本科生研究体验计划。此外，PI 将开发一个专业的动态网络资源，向感兴趣的研究人员、物理教师和公众传播物理教育和凝聚态研究的成果。非技术摘要该职业奖支持基础理论凝聚态物理研究和教育旨在扩展我们对超导性的理解？电子配对在一起并协同作用的物质状态，表现为电流流动没有任何损失。特别是随着在更高温度下表现出超导性的新材料的发现，超导性可能会实现高效的电力传输、电动机和新的电子设备技术。这项工作为此类技术进步奠定了知识基础。PI 旨在发展一种理论，解决我们理解超导性中的突出问题。它将在一定程度上建立在超导性的标准理论的基础上，该理论成功地描述了当温度降低到接近绝对零温度的材料特定温度时，材料中的普通金属态突然出现的超导性。它将包括标准描述之外的实验上可实现的现象，例如非常薄的超导材料。 PI 将开发一个理论框架，该框架将能够研究标准理论中未设想的物理机制，并导致从金属态突然形成超导性。这项研究可能会对新发现的超导化合物产生影响，这些化合物的超导性发生在比标准理论适用的温度高得多的温度下。 PI还将研究绝对零温度下超导状态发生的相变，以及超导材料薄膜中可能出现的涉及超导性的新物质状态。 这些目前具有基础科学重要性，但也可能在未来带来有用的技术。教育/推广部分涉及开发新课程和教育材料，这将与马里兰州物理教育小组密切合作完成。 PI 在吸引代表性不足的群体进入凝聚态物理学方面有着良好的记录，并将进一步寻求和开发此类机会。外展部分将包括向中学生和高中生举办一系列关于超导性主题的公开讲座和演示，以及参与本科生研究体验计划。此外，PI还将开发一个专业的动态网络资源，向感兴趣的研究者、物理教师和公众传播物理教育和凝聚态研究的成果。