CAREER: Effects of the Magnetosheath Properties on the Dynamics and Plasma Transport Produced by the Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability and on the Plasma Sheet Anisotropies

职业：磁鞘特性对开尔文-亥姆霍兹不稳定性产生的动力学和等离子体传输以及等离子体片各向异性的影响

• 批准号: 0847120
• 负责人: Katariina Nykyri
• 金额: $ 48.37万
• 依托单位: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0847120&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Effects; Magnetosheath; Properties; Dynamics; CAREER; Effects; Magnetosheath; Properties; Dynamics

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The primary science objective of this project is to gain a global understanding of the Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability (KHI) on Earth's magnetosphere-ionosphere system. In particular the effects of the solar wind parameters and resulting magnetosheath properties on the KHI will be studied. The effects generated by i) KHI and ii) Kinetic-Alfvén waves (KAW). The effects of the magnetosheath properties on ion temperature anisotropies observed within the plasma sheet will also be determined. The investigation will use several years of Cluster and Themis spacecraft data from low-latitude magnetopause crossings and magnetosheath. Data analysis methods include various variance analysis techniques, transformation to the deHoffman Teller reference frame, Walen relation, multi-spacecraft methods, and a variety of spectral analysis methods. The data analysis results will be compared with 2-D and 3-D high-resolution magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. The particle dynamics due to KHI will be studied by using test-particles within a 3-D, local MHD code and comparisons with observed ion distribution functions. The magnetosheath processes will be studied by doing a statistical study of the magnetosheath properties and by utilizing global hybrid (fluid electrons, paritlce ions) simulations. In addition, the MHD-scale KHI will be compared with hybrid and fully kinetic simulations of the instability. The KHI at Mars and Venus will also be studied with these simulations and data from Mars and Venus orbiters will be utilized for comparisons with the simulation results. The study will address several topics: 1) The statistical study of the occurrence of the KHI at the Earth's magnetosphere and the associated magnetosheath and plasma sheet properties; 2) The influence of the Mach numbers and plasma beta on the plasma transport produced by the KHI; 3) The effects of the KHI and magnetosheath processes and properties on the dawn-dusk asymmetries of the plasma sheet; 4) The coupling of the magnetospheric KHI into the ionosphere; 5) Comparison between MHD, hybrid and kinetic simulations of the KHI; 6) The study of the Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability at Mars and Venus. These topics are of central importance for understanding the global magnetospheric dynamics, cross-scale coupling of space plasmas, and plasma dynamics in the vicinity of non-magnetized planets. Results of the study will be an important contribution to the goals of the Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) program. This research fits under several current GEM Focus Groups: Plasma Entry and Transport into and within the Magnetotail; Foreshock, Bow Shock and Magnetosheath; MIC Global Coupling. The statistical studies will form the core of the Ph.D thesis work of a graduate student in a new Ph.D program in Engineering Physics starting in Fall-2009 at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU). The resulting research papers will be published in refereed scientific journals devoted to space science and plasma science. The project will develop a web site and the student research will be highlighted there. The project will include a public outreach program by organizing a space sciences seminar series at Daytona Beach Museum of Arts and Sciences starting in the Fall of 2009. The study integrates research and education by including undergraduate students in a summer research program. In addition, the PI will develop a graduate course: "Spacecraft Data-Analysis Methods", where students can learn single- and multi-spacecraft data-analysis techniques by utilizing spacecraft data. The ERAU promotes equal opportunities for the underrepresented groups.

该奖项是根据2009年的《美国复苏与再投资法》（公法111-5）资助的。该项目的主要科学目标是在地球磁层层系统上对开尔文·赫尔姆霍尔茨不稳定（KHI）的全球理解。特别是，太阳风参数和所得磁层性能对KHI的影响将是研究的。 i）Khi和ii）动力学 - alfvén波（KAW）产生的效果。还将确定磁疗特性对在血浆板中观察到的离子温度各向异性的影响。这项投资将使用低纬度磁路交叉和磁疗疗法的几年群集和Themis航天器数据。数据分析方法包括各种方差分析技术，对Dehoffman柜员参考框架的转换，Walen关系，多飞机运动物方法以及各种光谱分析方法。数据分析结果将与2-D和3-D高分辨率磁流体动力（MHD）模拟进行比较。通过在3-D局部MHD代码中使用测试粒子以及与观察到的离子分布函数的比较，将研究由于KHI引起的粒子动力学。将通过对Magnetosheath特性进行统计研究以及使用全局杂交（流体电子，paritlce离子）模拟来研究磁盘过程。另外，将MHD尺度的KHI与不稳定性的混合和完全动力学模拟进行比较。还将利用火星和金星轨道轨道的数据来研究火星和金星的KHI，并将其用于与模拟结果进行比较。该研究将解决几个主题：1）统计研究在地球磁层以及相关的磁层和浆薄的特性上的发生； 2）马赫数和血浆β对KHI产生的血浆转运的影响； 3）KHI和磁层过程和性能对等离子体板的黎明不对称的影响； 4）磁性KHI耦合到电离层； 5）KHI的MHD，杂种和动力学模拟之间的比较； 6）对火星和金星的开尔文 - 赫尔姆霍尔茨不稳定性的研究。这些主题对于理解全球磁层动力学，空间等离子体的跨尺度耦合以及在非磁性行星附近的等离子体动力学至关重要。该研究的结果将是对地理环境建模（GEM）计划目标的重要贡献。这项研究适合当前的几个GEM焦点小组：血浆进入以及进入磁尾和内部的运输；前锁，弓形冲击和磁石；麦克风全球耦合。统计研究将构成研究生在2009年秋季在Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University（ERAU）的新型工程物理学博士学位课程中的博士学位论文工作的核心。由此产生的研究论文将发表在专门针对太空科学和等离子体科学的参考科学期刊上。该项目将开发一个网站，学生研究将在那里强调。将包括一项公共外展计划，通过在2009年秋天开始在代托纳海滩艺术与科学博物馆组织太空科学节目系列系列。该研究通过将本科生纳入夏季研究计划来整合研究和教育。此外，PI还将开发研究生课程：“航天器数据分析方法”，学生可以通过使用Spacecraft数据来学习单人机和多间谍数据 - 分析技术。 ERAU促进了代表性不足的群体的平等机会。