Arabidopsis 2010 Collaborative Research: RUI: Quantifying mutation parameters in a fitness landscape: Spontaneous mutation in A. thaliana in its native range.

拟南芥 2010 合作研究：RUI：量化适应度景观中的突变参数：拟南芥在其原生范围内的自发突变。

• 批准号: 0845413
• 负责人: Matthew Rutter
• 金额: $ 25.84万
• 依托单位: College of Charleston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0845413&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Arabidopsis; 2010; Collaborative; Research; RUI

Mutations are errors in replication that result in offspring having a different gene than either parent. They play a fundamental role in many biological phenomena; they are the ultimate source of all genetic variation and are manifested as the rich diversity of life on earth. Mutations are also the source of genetically based diseases of humans and other organisms. Despite the biological importance of mutations, little is known of their fundamental properties, including their rate of production and their effects on the health of the organism. The goal of this project is to estimate mutation rates and to quantify the effects of mutations on the survivorship and reproduction of individuals. These characteristics will be estimated by allowing mutations to accumulate in the offspring of a number of homozygous parents, using the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Any genetic differences in the offspring must be due to new mutations. The effects of these mutations will be quantified at field sites where parental plants were originally collected. The rate and fitness effects of mutations will be determined in the field, where they would actually occur, providing a more realistic estimate than is possible in controlled laboratory conditions.This research significantly advances the fundamental understanding of mutation effects, and has broad implications for a range of biological questions from understanding the origin of heritable diseases to the role of mutations in the fate of small populations. Because the study organism, Arabidopsis thaliana, is a widely used model organism, these new mutation resources will become a valuable resource for the community of researchers studying this species or its close relatives. Students from under-represented groups will be recruited to participate in the research, and the investigators plan to develop new student labs in ecology and genetics at the high school and undergraduate levels.

突变是复制中的错误，导致后代具有与任何一个父母不同的基因。他们在许多生物学现象中起着基本作用。它们是所有遗传变异的最终来源，并且表现为地球上生活的丰富多样性。突变也是基于人类和其他生物的基于遗传疾病的根源。尽管突变的生物学重要性，但对它们的基本特性（包括它们的生产率及其对生物体健康的影响）知之甚少。该项目的目的是估计突变率并量化突变对个人生存和繁殖的影响。这些特征将通过允许突变在许多纯合父母的后代积累，使用植物拟南芥。后代的任何遗传差异都必须是由于新突变引起的。这些突变的影响将在最初收集父母植物的现场量化。突变的速度和适应性效应将在现场确定，在该领域实际发生，提供比受控实验室条件中可能更现实的估计值。这项研究显着提高了对突变效应的基本理解，并且对一系列生物学问题具有广泛的意义，从理解可造成的疾病的起源到突变在小种群中的命运中的作用。由于研究生物拟南芥是一种广泛使用的模型生物，因此这些新的突变资源将成为研究该物种或其近亲的研究人员社区的宝贵资源。来自代表性不足的小组的学生将被招募参加研究，调查人员计划在高中和本科级别开发新的生态和遗传学学生实验室。