Integrity of the Plant Golgi

植物高尔基体的完整性

• 批准号: 0841594
• 负责人: Federica Brandizzi
• 金额: $ 12万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0841594&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Integrity; Plant; Golgi

Intellectual merit. It is well established that cells of plants, fungi, and animals contain organelles that carry out vital functions for the life of a cell. What is yet to be learned is how the identity of organelles is established and maintained. In this project, the plant Golgi apparatus will be used as a model to address this fundamental question. In plants, the Golgi apparatus is composed of highly mobile stacks of membranes that are dispersed on tubules of another organelle, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The plant Golgi receives proteins and membranes from proximal and distal locations; it is involved in their modification and sorting to their final destinations and in synthesizing the cell wall that encapsulates plant cells. The flow of membrane proteins through the Golgi as well as the dynamic exchange of peripherally associated proteins require continuous remodeling of this organelle. Yet, the stacks withstand dispersion during the intense traffic of proteins to and from the Golgi. This raises the fundamental biological question: How does the Golgi retain its integrity (i.e. architecture and composition)? The integrity of the Golgi depends on the organelle's ability to dynamically maintain its steady-state architecture and membrane distribution during protein traffic. Using a screen specifically developed for the plant Golgi in the Brandizzi laboratory, a unique set of mutants was identified in which an established Golgi marker is partially mis-targeted to other organelles. This screen is exciting because it sets the foundation for identifying key players of the machinery that controls plant Golgi integrity. In this project, characterization of the Golgi mutants will be carried out to identify the protein(s) responsible for the maintenance of the architecture and membrane steady-state distribution at the plant Golgi. This work will lead to answers to fundamental questions regarding organelle biogenesis and important differences in Golgi organization and function across eukaryotic biological systems. Broader impacts. Plants are the primary energy source of all biospheric development: all animals survive on plants, both directly and indirectly. The secretory pathway of plants plays a fundamental role in the conversion of fixed carbon into energy-rich materials such as proteins, lipids, and complex sugars. These plant-derived products are important not only for nutrition, but they have the potential to be used as renewable fuels, lubricants, textiles, and building materials of all kinds. The plant Golgi is a key organelle in cell wall biosynthesis and storage protein deposition. Because unique variations exist among systems as a result of evolutionary adaptation, it is important to study the plant Golgi if humanity is to tap into the full potential of plants as primary providers of bio-molecules on earth. This project will also enable the Brandizzi lab to continue their engagement in teaching and outreach activities to communicate to students and teachers the scientific discoveries in plant science and their impact on our society.

智力优点。 众所周知，植物，真菌和动物的细胞包含在细胞寿命中发挥重要功能的细胞器。尚待了解的是如何建立和维护细胞器的身份。在这个项目中，Golgi植物设备将被用作解决这个基本问题的模型。在植物中，高尔基体由高度移动的膜堆组成，这些膜分散在另一个细胞器的内质网（ER）的小管上。高尔基植物从近端和远端地点接收蛋白质和膜。它参与了它们的修改并分类到最终目的地，并合成封装植物细胞的细胞壁。膜蛋白通过高尔基体的流动以及周围相关蛋白的动态交换需要连续重塑该细胞器。然而，堆叠在蛋白质与高尔基体的强烈交通期间承受了分散。这提出了一个基本的生物学问题：高尔基人如何保留其完整性（即建筑和组成）？ 高尔基体的完整性取决于细胞器在蛋白质流量过程中动态保持其稳态结构和膜分布的能力。使用专门为Brandizzi实验室中的高尔基体开发的屏幕，确定了一组独特的突变体，其中已建立的高尔基体标记部分被部分定位于其他细胞器。该屏幕令人兴奋，因为它为确定控制植物高尔基完整性的机械的关键参与者奠定了基础。在该项目中，将进行高尔基突变体的表征，以确定负责维持植物高尔基体建筑和膜稳态分布的蛋白质。这项工作将导致关于真核生物系统中高尔基体组织和功能的细胞器生物发生以及重要差异的基本问题的答案。更广泛的影响。 植物是所有生物圈发育的主要能源：所有动物都直接和间接地在植物上存活。植物的分泌途径在固定碳转化为富含蛋白，脂质和复杂糖等能量材料的材料中起着基本作用。这些植物衍生的产品不仅对营养很重要，而且有可能用作各种可再生燃料，润滑剂，纺织品和建筑材料。植物高尔基体是细胞壁生物合成和储存蛋白沉积中的关键细胞器。由于进化适应的系统之间存在独特的变化，因此，如果人类要利用植物作为地球上生物分子的主要提供者的全部潜力，那么研究植物高尔基很重要。该项目还将使Brandizzi Lab能够继续参与教学和外展活动，以与学生和老师交流植物科学中的科学发现及其对我们社会的影响。