"Continental Smokers": evaluating mantle degassing, CO2 flux, geomicrobiology, and water quality in extensional continental regimes

“大陆吸烟者”：评估伸展大陆区域的地幔脱气、二氧化碳通量、地球微生物学和水质

• 批准号: 0838575
• 负责人: Laura Crossey
• 金额: $ 29.5万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0838575&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Continental; Smokers; evaluating; mantle; degassing

This study challenges a widespread notion that most global CO2 degassing takes place at mid-ocean ridges and subaerial volcanoes by evaluating degassing in continental extensional areas. The hypothesis to be tested is that there is a substantial and unrecognized upward flux of fluids and gases from deep within the earth that rise through vents in the Rio Grande rift and other tectonically-active regions of the western U.S. These fluids often issue as carbonate-depositing (travertine) springs, degrade regional water quality, release carbon to the atmosphere, and support distinct microbial ecosystems. This study will gather data on time-variations in the geochemical character (including trace element, stable isotope and noble gas analysis) of major spring systems and associated groundwaters to evaluate a hypothesis that microseismicity is triggering advective transport and degassing. Microbial sampling and DNA amplification will be used to compare these ?continental smokers? to black and white smokers known along oceanic spreading centers. The study will support graduate and undergraduate training, as well as a museum exhibit on travertine springs and their geological and hydrologic significance.

这项研究通过评估大陆伸展区域的脱气情况，挑战了一种普遍的观念，即全球大多数二氧化碳脱气发生在洋中脊和陆上火山。要测试的假设是，地球深处有大量未被认识到的向上流动的流体和气体，它们通过里奥格兰德裂谷和美国西部其他构造活跃地区的喷口上升。这些流体通常以碳酸盐的形式流出。沉积（石灰华）泉水，降低区域水质，向大气中释放碳，并支持独特的微生物生态系统。 这项研究将收集主要泉水系统和相关地下水地球化学特征（包括微量元素、稳定同位素和稀有气体分析）随时间变化的数据，以评估微震活动触发平流输送和脱气的假设。 微生物采样和 DNA 扩增将用于比较这些“大陆吸烟者”。沿海洋传播中心熟知的黑人和白人吸烟者。 该研究将支持研究生和本科生培训，以及关于石灰华泉及其地质和水文意义的博物馆展览。