Collaborative Research: Global-Pan Regional Synthesis: End-to-end Energy Budgets for US-GLOBEC regions

合作研究：全球-泛区域综合：美国-GLOBEC区域的端到端能源预算

• 批准号: 0814652
• 负责人: Walker Smith
• 金额: $ 15.11万
• 依托单位: College of William & Mary Virginia Institute of Marine Science
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0814652&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Global; Pan; Regional

The research addresses the overarching question: are marine food webs leading to fisheries controlled from the top-down, the bottom up, or a combination of the two? To address this question we will (1) compare end-to-end energy budgets of the 4 US-GLOBEC study regions in the context of top-down v. bottom-up forcing, (2) assess the skills of the regional models in capturing basic material fluxes, (3) extract diagnostics from the regional models that will be used to evaluate the effects of climate change and fishing pressure across GLOBEC regions and (4) develop quantitative methods to compare the diagnostics. The major successes of GLOBEC have been in elucidating the processes underlying the dynamics of individual species in ecosystems characterized by diverse physical settings. At the same time there is an increasing demand for an ecosystem approach to management of marine resources subject to fishing pressures and climatic changes. Improving the understanding of trophic links in oceanic food webs is integral to the ability to understand and predict ecosystem responses to climate change and anthropogenic forcings. The use of state-of-the-art modeling approaches coupled to data assembly and analyses provides opportunities to train graduate students (3 included in project) in a variety of disciplines (food web modeling, data analyses, data assimilation, marine ecology) that are needed to address the important scientific and societal problems facing marine systems. The project includes 2 postdoctoral scientists, many women (9 of 22 investigators) including several in lead roles, several talented young scientists new to GLOBEC, other scientists new to GLOBEC, and an outstanding team of international collaborators (see Letter of Support from BAS). The cooperative effort among scientists from academia, government, and private industry is beneficial to all groups. The management plan centered on intensive, frequent communication via in-person, digital and electronic meetings is a unique and potentially transformative aspect of the project.

该研究解决了一个首要问题：海洋食物网导致渔业控制是自上而下、自下而上还是两者结合？为了解决这个问题，我们将（1）在自上而下与自下而上强迫的背景下比较 4 个 US-GLOBEC 研究区域的端到端能源预算，（2）评估区域模型的技能捕获基本物质通量，(3) 从区域模型中提取诊断结果，用于评估气候变化和整个 GLOBEC 区域捕捞压力的影响，以及 (4) 开发定量方法来比较诊断结果。 GLOBEC 的主要成功在于阐明了以不同物理环境为特征的生态系统中单个物种动态的潜在过程。与此同时，人们越来越需要采用生态系统方法来管理受捕捞压力和气候变化影响的海洋资源。提高对海洋食物网营养联系的理解对于理解和预测生态系统对气候变化和人为强迫的反应的能力至关重要。使用最先进的建模方法与数据组装和分析相结合，为培训各种学科（食物网建模、数据分析、数据同化、海洋生态学）的研究生（项目中包括 3 名）提供了机会，需要解决海洋系统面临的重要科学和社会问题。该项目包括 2 名博士后科学家、许多女性（22 名研究人员中的 9 名），其中包括几名领导角色、几名新加入 GLOBEC 的才华横溢的年轻科学家、其他新加入 GLOBEC 的科学家，以及一支杰出的国际合作者团队（参见 BAS 的支持信） 。来自学术界、政府和私营企业的科学家之间的合作努力对所有群体都有好处。管理计划以通过面对面、数字和电子会议进行密集、频繁的沟通为中心，是该项目独特且具有潜在变革性的方面。