Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Collective Behavior in Chemical Systems

化学系统中的时空动力学和集体行为

• 批准号: 0809058
• 负责人: Kenneth Showalter
• 金额: $ 44万
• 依托单位: West Virginia University Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0809058&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Spatiotemporal; Dynamics; Collective; Behavior; Chemical

Kenneth Showalter of West Virginia University is supported by an award from the Theoretical and Computational Chemistry program for research into the spatiotemporal dynamics and collective behavior of chemical systems. Partial co-funding for this award was provided by the Applied Mathematics program in the Division of Mathematical Sciences. Three main lines of investigation are being pursued in this work: (i) the collective behavior of particle-like reaction-diffusion waves; (ii) the synchronization and dynamical quorum sensing behavior of large populations of oscillatory beads; and (iii) the behavior of collections of self-propelled catalytic particles. In the first project, populations of stabilized waves in a distributed photosensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) medium are being studied to characterize collective behavior in a controlled laboratory setting. Waves interact via a Lennard Jones type potential and the origin of different types of collective behavior, such as processional and rotational modes, is being characterized. In the second project, large populations of catalyst-loaded beads are studied in catalyst-free BZ reaction mixtures. The focus of these studies is to examine synchronization and dynamical quorum sensing behavior in stirred suspensions and spatiotemporal distributed systems. The third project involves studies of the interactions of self-propelled catalytic particles in reactant solutions. Silica spheres are prepared with various metal or enzyme coatings, such as Pt or horseradish peroxidase, that catalyze the decomposition of a reactant, such as hydrogen peroxide. The propagation behavior of these particles is then studied as a function of particle density to determine correlations in velocity leading to collective behavior. All three lines of research are expected to yield new and important information about spatiotemporal dynamics and collective behavior in chemical systems and offer insights into such behavior in biological systems. The studies of interacting particle-like waves will advance control of spatiotemporal systems and will offer insights into collective behavior from laboratory experiments. A better understanding of synchronization and dynamical quorum sensing mechanisms will be gained in the studies of large populations of discrete oscillators, offering insights into related dynamics of microorganisms. The studies of interacting self-propelled catalytic particles will provide new examples of collective behavior and new chemical model systems for developing an understanding of complex interactions. The impact of the work is further broadened through Showalter's participation in outreach activites involving the International Center for Theoretical Physics that are bringing hands-on research experiences to scientists in developing countries such as India, Brazil and Cameroon.

西弗吉尼亚大学的肯尼思·夏尔特（Kenneth Showalter）获得了理论和计算化学计划的奖项，用于研究化学系统的时空动力学和集体行为。 该奖项的部分共同资助由数学科学系的应用数学计划提供。 在这项工作中，正在提出三个主要调查线：（i）粒子样反应 - 扩散波的集体行为； （ii）大量振荡珠的同步和动态群体传感行为； （iii）自露催化颗粒的集合的行为。 在第一个项目中，正在研究分布式光敏的Belousov-Zhabotinsky（BZ）培养基中的稳定波的种群，以在受控实验室环境中表征集体行为。波浪通过Lennard Jones类型的潜力相互作用，并且正在表征不同类型的集体行为（例如行程和旋转模式）的起源。在第二个项目中，在无催化剂的BZ反应混合物中研究了大量催化剂的珠子。这些研究的重点是检查搅拌悬浮液和时空分布式系统中的同步和动态群体传感行为。第三个项目涉及对反应物溶液中自露的催化颗粒相互作用的研究。 二氧化硅球由各种金属或酶涂层（例如PT或辣根过氧化物酶）催化反应物（例如过氧化氢）的分解。然后研究这些颗粒的传播行为是粒子密度的函数，以确定速度的相关性导致集体行为。预计所有三项研究都将产生有关化学系统中时空动力学和集体行为的新的重要信息，并为生物系统中的这种行为提供见解。 相互作用的粒子样波的研究将推动控制时空系统的控制，并将从实验室实验中提供对集体行为的见解。在大量离散振荡器的研究中将获得对同步和动态群体感应机制的更好理解，从而提供了对微生物相关动力学的见解。相互作用的自属性催化颗粒的研究将为集体行为和新的化学模型系统提供新的示例，以发展对复杂相互作用的理解。 通过Showalter参与涉及国际理论物理中心的外展活动，这项工作的影响进一步扩大，这些基础物理学中心正在向印度，巴西和喀麦隆等发展中国家的科学家带来动手研究经验。