New Tools to Study Strong Interaction Physics

研究强相互作用物理的新工具

• 批准号: 0757394
• 负责人: Andrei Belitsky
• 金额: $ 48万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0757394&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: New; Tools; Study; Strong; Interaction

The accepted theory of the strong nuclear force that holds atomic nuclei together, called QCD (Quantum Chromodynamics) has been known for 35 years, but is extraordinarily difficult to use and is poorly understood in precisely the regions where it is most prominent; for example, we know that protons and neutrons (collectively, "nucleons") are made of smaller constituents named quarks and gluons, but exactly how they are assembled into nucleons remains murky at best. In this grant, Belitsky and Lebed will use a variety of high-powered mathematical tools, often ones borrowed from string theory, to make headway in this complicated landscape. Belitsky is an expert in the theory of generalized parton distributions, which are the most precisely defined observables possible for nucleons, while Lebed is an expert on large Nc QCD, in which solving QCD becomes paradoxically simpler to solve by adding more degrees of freedom than occur in nature. In addition, Belitsky has become adept in a powerful technique called integrability, in which QCD and similar theories can be mathematically related to the physics of systems like ferromagnets and other "spin-chains". Meanwhile, Lebed is studying "holographic QCD," which is based upon an idea from string theory, that QCD and related strongly-interacting theories can be related to weakly-interacting gravity on a curved space. Each of Belitsky and Lebed will mentor a Ph.D. student in these project areas.

公认的将原子核结合在一起的强核力理论，称为 QCD（量子色动力学），已经为人所知 35 年了，但使用起来非常困难，而且在其最突出的领域人们对其了解甚少；例如，我们知道质子和中子（统称为“核子”）是由称为夸克和胶子的较小成分组成的，但它们到底是如何组装成核子的仍然不清楚。 在这笔拨款中，别利茨基和列贝德将使用各种高性能数学工具（通常是借用弦理论的工具）来在这个复杂的领域取得进展。 Belitsky 是广义部分子分布理论的专家，广义部分子分布是核子可能的最精确定义的可观测量，而 Lebed 是大型 Nc QCD 方面的专家，矛盾的是，通过增加比实际情况更多的自由度，求解 QCD 变得更加简单。在大自然中。 此外，别利茨基已经精通一种称为可积性的强大技术，其中 QCD 和类似的理论可以在数学上与铁磁体和其他“自旋链”等系统的物理联系起来。 与此同时，Lebed正在研究“全息QCD”，它基于弦理论的思想，即QCD和相关的强相互作用理论可以与弯曲空间上的弱相互作用引力相关。 别利茨基和列贝德将各自指导一名博士学位。这些项目领域的学生。