MO Collaborative Research: A Genomics and Cultivation-Based Study on Novel Candidate Divisions OD1, SR1, OP11, and TM7 in a Sulfur-Rich Spring (Zodletone Spring, OK)

MO 合作研究：对富硫泉水（佐德尔顿泉水，俄克拉何马州）中新候选分区 OD1、SR1、OP11 和 TM7 进行基因组学和培养研究

• 批准号: 0801858
• 负责人: Mostafa Elshahed
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: Oklahoma State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0801858&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MO; Collaborative; Research; Genomics; Cultivation

During the last two decades, advances in techniques used to identify microorganisms have demonstrated that there are many groups of novel, previously unknown bacteria that appear to be very abundant in multiple environments. It is likely that many of these groups have important ecological roles and yet they have not been studied in the laboratory. The goal of this project is to investigate the physiological characteristics, metabolic abilities, and potential ecological roles of four of these important bacterial groups, termed candidate divisions, OD1, SR1, OP11, and TM7. These four groups have been shown to be relatively abundant in Zodletone spring, a low temperature (20 degrees C) sulfide and sulfur-rich spring in southwestern Oklahoma and they are thought to be important members of the community in terms of facilitating the biological processes that are occurring in this spring. These processes include degradation of hydrocarbons, formation of minerals and photosynthesis. Zodletone spring will be used as a microbial observatory to study these groups. A set of genomic techniques will be used, which involve sequencing DNA from the genome of one individual microbial cell, literally fished from the spring using a flow cytometer. The results will allow identification of the genes and assembly of the metabolic pathways that may be used for the above processes. Ultimately the data will be used to understand the chemical reactions and the ecological roles performed by members of each these groups. Along with genomic studies, these groups of bacteria will be cultivated and studied in the laboratory. These bacteria come from an environment in which oxygen is rarely present and as a result, oxygen is likely toxic to these cells. Sophisticated isolation strategies will be used for isolating and growing bacteria that would not normally grow in the laboratory and these will be adapted to work with microorganisms that are oxygen sensitive. These cultivation studies will allow us to verify that the bacteria are able to catalyze the reactions that have been proposed for them and will allow us to study individual reactions to understand how each process occurs. The results obtained in this proposal will be integrated into undergraduate and graduate courses offered at Oklahoma State University and the University of Oklahoma. The proposal will also provide several graduate and undergraduate research opportunities to members (especially Native Americans)of underrepresented groups in science. Finally, the project will help continuing and expanding outreach efforts to Oklahoma high schools through the K20 Center at the University of Oklahoma and the Junior Science and Humanities Symposia (JSHS) Program at Oklahoma State University.

在过去的二十年中，用于鉴定微生物的技术的进步表明，在多种环境中，有许多新型的新型，以前未知的细菌似乎非常丰富。这些群体中的许多人可能具有重要的生态作用，但尚未在实验室中进行研究。 该项目的目的是研究这些重要细菌群中四个的生理特征，代谢能力和潜在的生态作用，即被称为候选师，OD1，SR1，OP11和TM7。 在俄克拉荷马州西南部的硫化物中，这四组在十二春季，低温（20度C）硫化物和富含硫的春季相对较丰富，在促进生物学过程方面，它们被认为是社区中重要的成员发生在今年春天。这些过程包括碳氢化合物的降解，矿物质的形成和光合作用。 十二元将用作研究这些组的微生物天文台。将使用一组基因组技术，其中涉及从一个单独的微生物细胞的基因组进行测序DNA，这些DNA实际上是使用流式细胞仪从春季钓鱼的。结果将允许鉴定可能用于上述过程的代谢途径的基因和组装。最终，数据将用于了解每个组成员的化学反应和生态作用。除基因组研究外，这些细菌将在实验室进行培养和研究。这些细菌来自很少存在氧气的环境，因此，氧气可能对这些细胞有毒。 复杂的隔离策略将用于隔离和生长的细菌，这些细菌通常不会在实验室中生长，并且这些细菌将适用于与氧气敏感的微生物一起工作。这些培养研究将使我们能够验证细菌能够催化对它们提出的反应，并使我们能够研究各个反应以了解每个过程的发生方式。 在本提案中获得的结果将纳入俄克拉荷马州立大学和俄克拉荷马大学提供的本科和研究生课程。该提案还将为科学领域代表性不足的群体（尤其是美洲原住民）的成员（尤其是美洲原住民）提供几个研究生和本科研究的机会。最后，该项目将通过俄克拉荷马大学的K20中心以及俄克拉荷马州立大学的初级科学与人文专题讨论会继续向俄克拉荷马高中的外展工作。