Collaborative Research: VOCALS--Interaction of Aerosols with Marine Boundary Layer Clouds

合作研究：VOCALS——气溶胶与海洋边界层云的相互作用

• 批准号: 0746671
• 负责人: James Anderson
• 金额: $ 31.26万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0746671&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; VOCALS; Interaction; Aerosols

This study will focus on physical and chemical analysis of ambient aerosol and residual cloud droplet nuclei obtained from the NSF C-130 aircraft over the southeast Pacific (SEP) during the 2008 VOCALS-REx (VAMOS Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment) project. This work addresses the following VOCALS hypotheses: 1) Variability in aerosol properties impacts the formation of drizzle in stratocumulus clouds over the SEP, 2) The small aerosol radii over the SEP are primarily controlled by anthropogenic, rather than natural, aerosol production, and entrainment of polluted air from the lower free troposphere is an important source of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), and 3) Ocean upwelling affects aerosol precursor gases and the aerosol size distribution in the atmospheric boundary layer over the SEP. To explore these hypotheses, the size and chemical composition of residual nuclei in cloud droplets will be measured following sampling with a counterflow virtual impactor (CVI), which separates droplets from interstitial aerosol and evaporates them. Aerosols outside of clouds will be sampled with an impactor. Filter and impactor samples of residual nuclei and ambient aerosol will be analyzed by electron microscopy with X-ray analysis. These data will be combined with cloud microphysical measurements to determine aerosol effects on cloud optical properties and lifetimes and the characteristics of aerosol particles that nucleate cloud droplets. Nuclei of larger droplets, which initiate drizzle production, will also be explored. These measurements will complement observations being made by other investigators in VOCALS. This work will lead to insight into how aerosol production due to human activity influences precipitation and the radiative impact of clouds on Earth's climate. The educational plans include an undergraduate student and postdoctoral scholar who will work with the investigators to analyze and interpret the data collected.

这项研究将着重于2008年人声rex期间（vamos ocean-cloud-atmosphere-land land研究区域实验）在东南太平洋（SEP）上从NSF C-130飞机（SEP）上获得的环境和残留云液滴核的物理和化学分析。 ） 项目。 这项工作解决了以下人声假设：1）气溶胶特性的可变性会影响SEP上层状云中毛毛雨的形成，2）SEP上的小气溶胶半径主要由人类学控制，而不是自然，剂量，气溶胶的产生，以及词气剂的产生，以及剂量。来自下部自由对流层的污染空气是云凝结核（CCN）的重要来源，3）海洋上升流影响气溶胶前体气体和大气边界层中SEP上的气溶胶大小分布。 为了探索这些假设，将在用反流虚拟撞击器（CVI）采样后测量云滴中残留核的大小和化学组成，该核电（CVI）将液滴与间质气溶胶分开并蒸发。 云外的气溶胶将用撞击器采样。 通过X射线分析，将通过电子显微镜分析残留核和环境气溶胶的过滤器和撞击器样品。 这些数据将与云微物理测量结果结合使用，以确定对云光学特性和生命值的气溶胶影响以及对云液滴构成的气溶胶颗粒的特性。 还将探索较大液滴的核（启动毛毛雨生产）的细胞核。 这些测量将补充其他研究人员在人声中的观察结果。这项工作将导致深入了解人类活动引起的气溶胶产生如何影响降水和云对地球气候的辐射影响。 教育计划包括一名本科生和博士后学者，他们将与研究人员合作分析和解释收集的数据。