US-GLOBEC NEP Phase IIIa: Efffects of Climate Variability on Calanus Dormancy Patterns and Population Dynamics within the California Current

US-GLOBEC NEP 第三阶段：气候变化对加州洋流内的哲水蚤休眠模式和种群动态的影响

• 批准号: 0733881
• 负责人: Jeffrey Runge
• 金额: $ 13.29万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-19 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0733881&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; GLOBEC; NEP; Phase; IIIa

Calanoid copepods are key organisms in the California Current (CC) region, consuming primary and secondary production at high rates and serving as prey for larval, juvenile, and small pelagic fish, other invertebrates and certain seabirds. A critical period in the life of several calanoid species is their overwintering period, during which they leave the unproductive surface waters in mid-summer to fall and then ascend to the surface in the springtime, usually coincident with the spring bloom. However, the physical and biological cues that both initiate and terminate the dormant phase of several key copepod species within the CC are poorly known. The goal of this research is to test the hypothesis that the dormant phase of two major calanoid species, Calanus pacificus and Calanus marshallae, are in part controlled by changes in temperature and prey abundance. This hypothesis will be tested by two means. First, the existing data on relative stage abundance and vertical distribution of the two target species for four distinct locations along the west coast of North America will be compiled and compared to observational bio-physical datasets, many of which were collected as part of the GLOBEC NEP program. Second, an Individual-Based Model (IBM) for each of the two species will be developed, based on several different conceptual models of how temperature and prey availability control the dormancy response. This model will then be forced with climatological data and compared with the analysis of the field data. Further, this model will be used to test the sensitivity of each species' population dynamics to initial conditions, interaction with the timing of the spring bloom, and expected levels of climate variability. Finally, variability in the local population abundance of these two species due to responses to local climate versus population advection due to large-scale changes in physical transport will be addressed. The results of the research will be important for understanding some of the basic processes that influence the seasonal production of a major group of plankton. This knowledge is critical for understanding the overall trophic impact of climate change on marine food webs within the CC. This research involves a postdoctoral student and the information gained from this work should prove valuable to fisheries management for small pelagics and other managed invertebrate species. The results of this research will also be served to the public through a web-based Live Access Server system, thus making it readily and broadly available.

桡足类桡足类动物是加州洋流 (CC) 地区的重要生物，它们高速消耗初级和次级产品，并成为幼鱼、幼鱼和小型中上层鱼类、其他无脊椎动物和某些海鸟的猎物。 几种卡拉诺鱼物种生命中的一个关键时期是它们的越冬期，在此期间，它们在仲夏时离开非生产性的地表水域，然后在春季上升到地表，通常与春季开花的时间一致。然而，对于CC内几个关键桡足类物种休眠期的启动和终止的物理和生物学线索却知之甚少。 这项研究的目的是检验以下假设：两种主要的鱿鱼物种（太平洋哲鳄和马氏哲哲）的休眠阶段部分受到温度和猎物丰度变化的控制。该假设将通过两种方式进行检验。首先，将汇编北美西海岸四个不同地点的两个目标物种相对阶段丰度和垂直分布的现有数据，并与观测生物物理数据集进行比较，其中许多数据是作为 GLOBEC 的一部分收集的新经济政策计划。其次，将根据温度和猎物可用性如何控制休眠反应的几种不同概念模型，为这两个物种开发一个基于个体的模型（IBM）。然后将该模型与气候数据相结合，并与现场数据分析进行比较。此外，该模型将用于测试每个物种的种群动态对初始条件的敏感性、与春季开花时间的相互作用以及气候变化的预期水平。最后，将讨论由于对当地气候的反应与由于物理运输的大规模变化而导致的种群平流所导致的这两个物种当地种群丰度的变化。 研究结果对于理解影响主要浮游生物群体季节性生产的一些基本过程非常重要。这些知识对于了解气候变化对 CC 内海洋食物网的总体营养影响至关重要。 这项研究涉及一名博士后学生，从这项工作中获得的信息对于小型中上层生物和其他管理无脊椎动物物种的渔业管理有价值。这项研究的结果也将通过基于网络的实时访问服务器系统向公众提供，从而使其易于广泛使用。