Collaborative Research: CT-T: Following the Paper Trail: Reliable Processing of Voting Records for Trustworthy Elections

合作研究：CT-T：追踪论文线索：可靠处理投票记录以实现值得信赖的选举

• 批准号: 0716368
• 负责人: Daniel Lopresti
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehigh University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0716368&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; CT; Following; Paper

National Science FoundationCISE/CNSForm 7 Review Analysis and RecommendationProposal Number: 0716368PI: Daniel LoprestiInstitution: Lehigh University LeadProposal Number: 0716393PI: George NagyInstitution: Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteSubProposal Number: 0716647PI: Elisa H. Barney SmithInstitution: Boise State UniversitySubProposal Number: 0716543PI: Christopher BorickInstitution: Muhlenberg CollegeSubTitle: Collaborative Research CT-T: Following the Paper Trail: Reliable Processing of Voting Records for Trustworthy ElectionsProposal AbstractProvisions for the inclusion of a physical record, in the form of hand- or machine-marked ballots, or as a Voter Verified Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT), are central to guaranteeing safe and secure elections. However, the processing of such records during the initial counting of votes or in the conduct of audits has raised its own set of problems which span broad technical and social boundaries.The aim of this project is to study issues that currently make paper records more of a nuisance than an integral component in trustworthy voting systems. Specifically, the principal investigators are working to characterize the statistical distribution of mark sense errors as a function of ballot layout and quality in optical scanning, to examine approaches for unbiased visual auditing based on ballot images, to investigate the possibility that a concept known as homogeneous class display (HCD) can facilitate manual recounts, and to evaluate recognition errors that may arise in processing the VVPAT used with Direct Recording Electronic (DRE) systems. They are also interested in the effects these issues have on procedures for testing the paper handling components of voting systems in accordance with operational constraints, including the modest training received by most poll workers. This work on voting technologies is supported by ? and supports ? a planned survey and focus groups they are conducting to measure voter confidence and acceptance and to identify common misconceptions and concerns, including accessibility to disabled voters. Beyond its broad impact on the development of more reliable and trustworthy voting technologies, this project more generally has implications for the highly accurate computer processing of any information encoded in human readable form.

美国国家科学基金会 CISE/CNS 表 7 审查分析和建议提案编号：0716368PI：Daniel Lopresti 机构：理海大学牵头提案编号：0716393PI：George Nagy 机构：伦斯勒理工学院子提案编号：0716647PI：Elisa H. Barney Smith 机构：博伊西州立大学子提案编号： 0716543PI：克里斯托弗·博里克机构：穆伦伯格学院副标题：协作研究 CT-T：跟踪纸质线索：可靠处理投票记录以实现值得信赖的选举提案摘要以手工或机器标记选票的形式或以其他形式包含物理记录的规定选民验证纸质审计追踪（VVPAT）对于保证安全可靠的选举至关重要。 然而，在最初计票或进行审计过程中对此类记录的处理本身就引发了一系列问题，这些问题跨越了广泛的技术和社会界限。该项目的目的是研究目前使纸质记录更多地使用的问题。与其说是值得信赖的投票系统中不可或缺的组成部分，不如说是令人讨厌。 具体来说，主要研究人员正在努力将标记感测误差的统计分布描述为选票布局和光学扫描质量的函数，以检查基于选票图像的无偏见视觉审核方法，以研究称为同质的概念的可能性类别显示 (HCD) 可以促进手动重新计数，并评估在处理与直接记录电子 (DRE) 系统一起使用的 VVPAT 时可能出现的识别错误。 他们还对这些问题对根据操作限制（包括大多数投票工作人员接受的适度培训）测试投票系统纸张处理组件的程序的影响感兴趣。 这项有关投票技术的工作得到了支持？并支持？他们正在进行一项计划中的调查和焦点小组活动，以衡量选民的信心和接受度，并找出常见的误解和关切，包括残疾选民的参与度。 除了对开发更可靠和值得信赖的投票技术产生广泛影响之外，该项目更广泛地对以人类可读形式编码的任何信息进行高精度计算机处理具有影响。