Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Investigating Patterns of Cooperation among Beijing Marketplace Vendors: Models, Experiments, and Ethnography

博士论文改进补助金：研究北京市场供应商之间的合作模式：模型、实验和民族志

基本信息

批准号：
0719766
负责人：
Bruce Winterhalder
金额：
$ 0.8万
依托单位：
University of California-Davis
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-09-01 至 2009-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0719766&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant Investigating

项目摘要

Graduate student Carl W. McCabe, supervised by Dr. Bruce Winterhalder, will investigate the phenomenon of cooperation in the daily lives of marketplace vendors in Beijing, China. Cooperation in large groups of non-kin is among the most distinctive behaviors exhibited by the human species. However, large disagreements remain across the social sciences about how best to account for such forms of human sociality. The researcher will investigate and assess both theoretical models and methods used to study cooperative behaviors. The models to be investigated are Kin Selection, Reciprocal Altruism, a Rational-Choice-Based model of Equilibrating Relationships, and Cultural Group Selection. Each model makes predictions about the contextual information that individuals attune to when they make decisions about cooperation. Using ethnographic interviews and observations as well as experimental economic games, McCabe will record data on patterns of cooperation in the daily lives of individuals in a Beijing marketplace. Interviews and observations will focus on recording patterns of cooperation and associated social relationships. These methods will also be used to determine if individuals pay attention to forms of contextual information as predicted by theoretical models. Experimental economic games will produce a data set that is cross-culturally comparable with other recent research on cooperation. By collecting both ethnographic data and results of experimental economic games, McCabe will also be able to assess how well the experimental game methodology is a reflection of individual behaviors outside of such controlled settings. Understanding how and when individuals do or do not cooperate is significant for understanding cultural evolution and for economic development policy. The research also will contribute significantly to the education of a social scientist.

研究生 Carl W. McCabe 在 Bruce Winterhalder 博士的指导下，将调查中国北京市场供应商日常生活中的合作现象。大型非亲属群体的合作是人类表现出的最独特的行为之一。然而，关于如何最好地解释这种形式的人类社会性，整个社会科学界仍然存在巨大分歧。研究人员将调查和评估用于研究合作行为的理论模型和方法。要研究的模型是亲属选择、互惠利他主义、基于理性选择的平衡关系模型和文化群体选择。每个模型都会对个人在做出合作决策时所适应的上下文信息进行预测。麦凯布将利用民族志访谈和观察以及实验性经济游戏，记录北京市场中个人日常生活中合作模式的数据。访谈和观察将侧重于记录合作模式和相关的社会关系。这些方法还将用于确定个人是否关注理论模型预测的情境信息形式。实验性经济博弈将产生一个与其他近期合作研究具有跨文化可比性的数据集。通过收集人种学数据和实验经济博弈的结果，麦凯布还能够评估实验博弈方法在多大程度上反映了受控环境之外的个人行为。了解个人如何以及何时合作或不合作对于理解文化演变和经济发展政策具有重要意义。该研究还将对社会科学家的教育做出重大贡献。