Dissertation Research: Functional Divergence of Cytochrome C Paralogs

论文研究：细胞色素 C 旁系同源物的功能分歧

• 批准号: 0709949
• 负责人: David Rand
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-15 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0709949&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Functional; Divergence; Cytochrome

Proteins in the mitochondrial electron transport chain are composed of both nuclear and mitochondrially encoded subunits that must tightly interact. In Drosophila, over one fifth of the nuclear encoded subunits have a second copy that is only expressed in the testes. This study aims to dissect the functional differences of one such duplicate gene, cytochrome-c proximal and cytochrome-c distal. The experiments proposed to test this are as follows. 1) Measure fitness correlates of transgenic flies expressing either testis or somatic cytochrome c in both the soma and testes. For somatic function the traits of lifespan, fecundity, and larval viability will be measured. For testis function the traits of sperm viability, sperm count and sperm competitive ability will be measured. 2) Test for coadaptation of tissue specific enzyme complexes by quantifying enzymatic activity of tissue specific cytochrome c oxidase when oxidizing either testis or somatic cytochrome c.This study integrates 1) reproductive evolution, by measuring reproductive fitness traits in a previously uninvestigated class of reproductive proteins, 2) evolution of coadaptation, by testing the functional disruption induced by forcing non-coadapted molecules to interact and 3) evolution of gene duplication and subfunctionalization, by measuring functional divergence of two gene copies. As such, findings will prove informative to a broad range of researchers and will provide tight connections between otherwise loosely affiliated fields.

线粒体电子传递链中的蛋白质由核和线粒体编码的亚基组成，它们必须紧密相互作用。 在果蝇中，超过五分之一的核编码亚基具有仅在睾丸中表达的第二个副本。 本研究旨在剖析这样一个重复基因（细胞色素-c 近端和细胞色素-c 远端）的功能差异。 为测试这一点而提出的实验如下。 1) 测量在体细胞和睾丸中表达睾丸或体细胞细胞色素 c 的转基因果蝇的适应性相关性。 对于体细胞功能，将测量寿命、繁殖力和幼虫活力的特征。 对于睾丸功能，将测量精子活力、精子数量和精子竞争能力的特征。 2) 通过量化组织特异性细胞色素 c 氧化酶氧化睾丸或体细胞色素 c 时的酶活性来测试组织特异性酶复合物的共适应。这项研究整合了 1) 生殖进化，通过测量先前未研究的一类生殖蛋白的生殖适应性特征, 2) 共适应的进化，通过测试强制非共适应分子相互作用引起的功能破坏，以及 3) 基因复制的进化和亚功能化，通过测量两个基因拷贝的功能差异。 因此，研究结果将为广泛的研究人员提供信息，并将在其他松散附属领域之间提供紧密的联系。