DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Combined Effects of Elevated NO2, O3, and CO2 on Plant Growth and Productivity

论文研究：升高的 NO2、O3 和 CO2 对植物生长和生产力的综合影响

• 批准号: 0710005
• 负责人: Jed Sparks
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-01 至 2009-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0710005&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Combined; Effects; Elevated

The objectives of this study are to determine the single and combined effects of several atmospheric gases likely to increase dramatically in the next century [carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3)] on the leaf physiology and overall growth of sugar maple, eastern hemlock, trembling aspen, and red oak seedlings. The trees are fumigated with elevated (40ppb) or ambient NO2, elevated (560ppm) or ambient CO2, elevated (100 ppb) or ambient O3, and grown in native soil with or without additional soil fertilization. Seedling growth and leaf physiological performance (e.g., photosynthesis, stomatal conductance) will be measured continuously and, at the end of the experiment, total growth of each species will be measured and differences attributed to the exposure to pollution fumigation.Human activities have induced changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere: the concentrations of CO2, NO2, and O3 have increased and are expected to continue increasing in the future. Plants are both impacted by these gases by altering physiological processes and have the ability to remove gases from the atmosphere and, in some cases, incorporate the carbon and nitrogen from these gases into biomass. Therefore, results from this experiment will increase our understanding of plant productivity in a future atmosphere, how plants may alter the level of gases in the atmosphere, and help to generate a more accurate determination of the carbon-storage potential of trees and ecosystems.

本研究的目的是确定下个世纪可能急剧增加的几种大气气体[二氧化碳（CO2）、二氧化氮（NO2）和臭氧（O3）]对叶片生理和整体的单一和综合影响。糖枫、东部铁杉、颤抖白杨和红橡树苗的生长。 树木用高浓度 (40ppb) 或环境二氧化氮、高浓度 (560ppm) 或环境二氧化碳、高浓度 (100 ppb) 或环境 O3 进行熏蒸，并在有或没有额外土壤施肥的原生土壤中生长。将连续测量幼苗生长和叶片生理性能（例如光合作用、气孔导度），并在实验结束时测量每个物种的总生长以及由于暴露于污染熏蒸而造成的差异。人类活动引起了变化大气化学成分：CO2、NO2 和 O3 的浓度已增加，并且预计未来将继续增加。 植物通过改变生理过程而受到这些气体的影响，并且具有从大气中去除气体的能力，并且在某些情况下，将这些气体中的碳和氮纳入生物质中。 因此，该实验的结果将增加我们对未来大气中植物生产力、植物如何改变大气中气体水平的理解，并有助于更准确地确定树木和生态系统的碳储存潜力。