Sources of Organic Compounds in Submarine Hot-Springs: An Experimental Investigation

海底温泉中有机化合物的来源：实验研究

• 批准号: 0647800
• 负责人: Jeffrey Seewald
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0647800&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Sources; Organic; Compounds; Submarine; Hot

Intellectual Merit: Aqueous carbon species in hydrothermal vent fluids have important implications for carbon fluxes to the ocean, biological communities that inhabit vent environments, and the origin of life. Although several organic compounds have been identified in hydrothermal fluids, their origin as either biotic or abiotic is unclear. This research uses laboratory experiments at high temperatures and elevated pressures to assess the chemical and isotopic composition of organic assemblages produced by these two processes. A focus of the work is the carbon and hydrogen isotopic signature of pure gas-phase Fischer-Tropsch type (FT) reactions, abiotic surface catalyzed reactions that have been invoked to explain the presence of pre-biotic hydrocarbons in natural environments. Hydrous pyrolysis experiments will be carried out at buffered hydrothermal pressure and temperature conditions using three types of microbial biomass using seawater dissolved organic carbon that is observed to have depleted concentrations in high-temperature hydrothermal fluids relative to seawater. Resulting isotopic and compositional data will be used to identify potential pyrolysis products in hydrothermal systems that have, to date, been overlooked. Broader Impacts: This research supports a postdoctoral researcher and will engage undergraduates in research. At no cost to this proposal, an undergraduate from Bridgewater State College, a four-year public undergraduate institution, will be intimately involved with the experimental design process and the subsequent analytical efforts, under mentorship by the PIs.

智力优点：水热排气流体中的碳种类对海洋的碳通量，居住在通风口环境的生物群落以及生命的起源具有重要意义。尽管在热液液中已经鉴定出几种有机化合物，但它们作为生物或非生物剂的起源尚不清楚。 这项研究使用实验室实验在高温和压力上升高来评估这两个过程产生的有机组合的化学和同位素组成。 这项工作的重点是纯气相Fischer-Tropsch（FT）反应的碳和氢同位素特征，非生物表面催化反应，这些反应已被引用以解释自然环境中益生元碳氢化合物的存在。 使用三种类型的微生物生物量，使用海水溶解的有机碳在缓冲的热液压力和温度条件下进行含水热解实验，观察到相对于海水，高温水热流体的浓度耗尽。所得的同位素和组成数据将用于识别迄今为止忽略的水热系统中潜在的热解产品。 更广泛的影响：这项研究支持博士后研究人员，并将吸引本科生从事研究。这项提案不付出代价，在PIS的指导下，来自四年制公共本科机构的布里奇沃特州立学院的本科生将与实验设计过程和随后的分析工作密切相关。