Collaborative Research: IPY: Cloud Properties Across the Arctic Basin from Surface and Satellite Measurements - An Existing Arctic Observing Network

合作研究：IPY：通过地面和卫星测量了解整个北极盆地的云特性 - 现有的北极观测网络

• 批准号: 0632187
• 负责人: Matthew Shupe
• 金额: $ 18.43万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-15 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0632187&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; IPY; Cloud; Properties

This research will increase the fundamental understanding of both temporal and spatial variability of Arctic clouds. Knowledge of Arctic cloud properties is important for understanding the overall energy balance of the Arctic, and how Arctic climate interacts with the global climate system. There have been many short-term field experiments to study Arctic clouds at specific locations, but there is a lack of knowledge regarding the temporal and spatial variability of cloud properties across the Arctic. The longest record of data exists at the North Slope of Alaska ARM site, but this is only at a single location. New data are now available from other ground-based sites that complement the measurements in Alaska and broaden our understanding of Arctic clouds. This group will combine these ground-based measurements at various sites with satellite observations to make a network of cloud observations across the Arctic.Arctic clouds will be one of the important indicators signifying if, and when, the Arctic system is moving to a new climatic state. The work of data integration and analysis of Arctic cloud observations will yield a significant contribution to the legacy of infrastructure and data that will result from the IPY.The proposed work specifically addresses the following four questions:What are the macrophysical and microphysical properties of clouds at various locations in the Arctic? A comprehensive suite of macro- and micro-physical cloud property retrieval algorithms will be applied to Arctic cloud measurements from various surface sites. The derived products will provide a baseline of Arctic cloud properties upon which to identify and understand future change, and to validate models.How do Arctic cloud properties vary both temporally and spatially? Multi-year records of cloud observations from Barrow, Alaska and Eureka, Canada will be used to investigate inter-annual cloud variability. Additionally, time periods of overlapping measurements at the different stations are expected to provide important insight into the spatial dependence of cloud properties.How do the spatial and temporal variability of Arctic cloud properties depend upon regional "forcing" parameters? Using ancillary data at each surface site, differences or similarities in cloud properties, and their variability, will be associated with regional meteorological properties that contribute to the forcing of cloud formation to explain the observed variability.Do satellite retrievals yield similar cloud properties and variability to the coincident surface-based measurements? Cloud properties derived from the surface measurements will be related to retrievals from satellite instruments. Based on this information, the satellite measurements will then be used to expand the analysis to other regions of the Arctic, in particular the locations of possible future or newly coordinated surface sites, such as Tiksi, Russia and NyAlesund, Norway.

这项研究将增进对北极云的时间和空间变化的基本了解。了解北极云的特性对于了解北极的整体能量平衡以及北极气候如何与全球气候系统相互作用非常重要。已经进行了许多短期实地实验来研究特定位置的北极云，但缺乏关于整个北极云特性的时间和空间变化的知识。最长的数据记录存在于阿拉斯加北坡 ARM 站点，但这只是在一个位置。现在可以从其他地面站点获取新数据，这些数据补充了阿拉斯加的测量结果并扩大了我们对北极云的了解。该小组将把不同地点的地面测量结果与卫星观测结果结合起来，建立一个横跨北极的云观测网络。北极云将成为表明北极系统是否以及何时进入新气候的重要指标之一。状态。北极云观测的数据整合和分析工作将对 IPY 产生的基础设施和数据遗产做出重大贡献。拟议的工作具体解决以下四个问题：北极云的宏观物理和微观物理特性是什么？北极的不同地点？一套全面的宏观和微观物理云属性检索算法将应用于各个地表站点的北极云测量。衍生产品将提供北极云属性的基线，用于识别和理解未来的变化并验证模型。北极云属性在时间和空间上如何变化？阿拉斯加州巴罗和加拿大尤里卡的多年云观测记录将用于调查年际云变化。此外，不同站点重叠测量的时间段预计将为云特性的空间依赖性提供重要的见解。北极云特性的空间和时间变化如何取决于区域“强迫”参数？使用每个表面站点的辅助数据，云特性及其变化性的差异或相似性将与区域气象特性相关联，这些特性有助于强迫云形成来解释观测到的变化性。卫星反演是否会产生与云特性和变化性相似的云特性和变化性？一致的基于表面的测量？从表面测量得出的云特性将与卫星仪器的检索相关。根据这些信息，卫星测量结果将用于将分析扩展到北极其他地区，特别是未来可能的或新协调的地表地点的位置，例如俄罗斯的提克西和挪威的尼亚勒松。