U.S.-GLOBEC NEP Phase IIIb-CGOA: Environmental influences on growth and survival of Southeast Alaska coho salmon in contrast with other Northeast Pacific regions

U.S.-GLOBEC NEP Phase IIIb-CGOA：与其他东北太平洋地区相比，环境对阿拉斯加东南部银鲑鱼生长和生存的影响

• 批准号: 0631198
• 负责人: Milo Adkison
• 金额: $ 17.37万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0631198&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; GLOBEC; NEP; Phase; IIIb

A predictive understanding of salmon abundance is still lacking despite GLOBEC NEP's program of field sampling, retrospective analysis and modeling, a strong comparative component and observation of an environmental shift in 1999/2000. Although the physical/biological conditions associated with (1) annual variability in fish survival, and (2) the spatial distribution of juveniles are amenable to description, neither the underlying mechanisms to explain them nor the link between two are known. This proposal aims to achieve both understanding and predictability by using a comparative approach while synthesizing several data sets for coho salmon. This species was studied by GLOBEC in both Southeast Alaska (SEAK) and the California Current System (CCS), and its abundance covaries inversely in the two systems. The biological/physical conditions under which juvenile coho salmon were found in GLOBEC NEP-funded studies in SEAK and the variation of the juvenile salmon habitat over 8 years at one location and 4 years at another will be described. An individual-based model will be employed to assess the advantages of these habitats to growth and mortality of juvenile coho salmon, and to describe how individual salmon could interact with such spatial distributions. The findings of a GLOBEC-NEP funded retrospective study regarding potential predator buffering effects will be extended in time and space. Local indicators of biologically important physical conditions, based on local winds and general circulation, will be developed to study the response of individual stocks along the coast north of the bifurcation of the West Wind Drift (WWD). The coded wire tag data set, which spans both systems, will be used together with GLOBEC observations in the NEP to derive a model of coho salmon early life history that is consistent across the two systems, but can have different physical forcing in each.The ultimate product of this project is an indicator of annual ocean conditions that affect salmon survival and age of spawning. This indicator will be directly useful in the short term in fishery management and in the long term by reducing the uncertainty and contentiousness surrounding management of factors influencing the freshwater phase of the salmon lifecycle. This project includes a graduate student and a postdoc.

尽管 GLOBEC NEP 的计划包括实地采样、回顾性分析和建模、强大的比较内容以及对 1999/2000 年环境变化的观察，但对鲑鱼丰度的预测性了解仍然缺乏。尽管与（1）鱼类生存的年度变化和（2）幼鱼的空间分布相关的物理/生物条件易于描述，但解释它们的潜在机制和两者之间的联系均未知。该提案旨在通过使用比较方法同时综合银鲑鱼的多个数据集来实现理解和可预测性。 GLOBEC 在阿拉斯加东南部 (SEAK) 和加利福尼亚洋流系统 (CCS) 中对该物种进行了研究，其丰度协变在两个系统中呈反比。将描述在 GLOBEC NEP 资助的 SEAK 研究中发现幼年银大麻哈鱼的生物/物理条件，以及幼年鲑鱼栖息地在一个地点 8 年和在另一个地点 4 年的变化。将采用基于个体的模型来评估这些栖息地对幼年银大麻哈鱼生长和死亡率的优势，并描述个体鲑鱼如何与这种空间分布相互作用。 GLOBEC-NEP 资助的关于潜在捕食者缓冲效应的回顾性研究的结果将在时间和空间上得到扩展。将根据当地风和大气环流制定具有重要生物学意义的当地物理条件指标，以研究西风漂移（WWD）分叉处以北海岸沿线个体种群的反应。跨越两个系统的编码线标签数据集将与 NEP 中的 GLOBEC 观测值一起使用，以导出银大麻哈鱼早期生活史模型，该模型在两个系统中保持一致，但每个系统中可能具有不同的物理强迫。该项目的最终产品是影响鲑鱼生存和产卵年龄的年度海洋状况指标。该指标在短期内将直接用于渔业管理，从长远来看，可减少影响鲑鱼生命周期淡水阶段的因素管理的不确定性和争议。该项目包括一名研究生和一名博士后。