MUSES: Material Use, Infrastructural Change, and Environmental Impacts for Alternative Fuels and Vehicles

缪思：替代燃料和车辆的材料使用、基础设施变化以及环境影响

• 批准号: 0628084
• 负责人: Lester Lave
• 金额: $ 150万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-10-01 至 2011-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0628084&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MUSES; Material; Use; Infrastructural; Change

Abstract (CTS-0628084 / Carnegie Mellon University)Title: MUSES: Material Use, Infrastructure Change, and Environmental Impacts for Alternative Fuels and Vehicles PIs: Lester B. Lave, Chris Hendrickson, H. Scott Matthews, Jeremy Michalek, W. Michael GriffinWhile there is considerable interest in alternative fuels among policy makers,automobile manufacturers and fuel providers, substantial economic and technical challenges remain. The adoption of any alternative fuel requires changes throughout the supply chain. Even a liquid fuel such as ethanol that is compatible with current infrastructure can induce dramatic changes, so proper accounting of infrastructure requirements is critical to a complete analysis of material flows and environmental impacts and for a transition to sustainable infrastructure. While much existingresearch address processes and technology for producing alternative fuels, most do not account for the necessary changes in infrastructure. The project proposes to focus our work upon the infrastructure requirements and best technologies for a future of sustainable alternative fuels and to explore different infrastructure options by creating scenarios for each alternative fuel/light duty vehicle option of interest.The project uses the concept of industrial ecology as our system-wide approach to analyzing the body of issues related to material flows. The project will assess the entire life cycle of various infrastructure components, alternative fuels and vehicle options using a hybrid approach combining process and product specific models coupled with a national economic-input-output life-cycle assessment model developed at Carnegie Mellon. The degree to which any alternative fuel and/or propulsion system is adopted for light-duty vehicles in the United States will depend critically on how well the resulting attributes satisfy preferences in the marketplace. The project will use Life Cycle based analyses in conjunction with consumer choice models of heterogeneous demand with engineering simulations of attainable vehicle attributes to predict market acceptance and likely firm response for alternative fuels and vehicles under several regulatory incentives, technology progress, and infrastructural scenarios. Results from this work will suggest the most promising alternatives based on multifaceted criteria considering environmental, social, and economic issues.Broader Impacts of the Proposed Research and Integrated Education Program: The project plans a series of educational tasks that are integrated with our research activities. Diverse and talented graduate and undergraduate students will be recruited. It will integrate research results into a secondary school apprentice program, into university courses and into educational modules for use elsewhere. It will use the Internet as a mechanism to disseminate educational materials. More broadly, sustainable energy and infrastructure are critical needs for the United States and for the world. The project states that the world cannot continue to assume that inexpensive petroleum will be available for our transportation needs. Society needs to start on a trajectory that will lead to a sustainable future, both for costs and for overall environmental impact. This project is intended to contribute significantly to that movement with both professional and popular analyses and recommendations.The project is jointly supported by MUSES funds through the CTS, ECS, and DMR divisions of NSF.

Abstract (CTS-0628084 / Carnegie Mellon University)Title: MUSES: Material Use, Infrastructure Change, and Environmental Impacts for Alternative Fuels and Vehicles PIs: Lester B. Lave, Chris Hendrickson, H. Scott Matthews, Jeremy Michalek, W. Michael GriffinWhile there is considerable interest in alternative fuels among policy makers,automobile manufacturers and fuel提供者，仍然存在重大的经济和技术挑战。采用任何替代燃料都需要在整个供应链中进行变化。即使是与当前基础设施兼容的液体燃料（例如乙醇）也会引起巨大的变化，因此，对基础设施要求的正确计算对于对材料流和环境影响的完整分析以及向可持续基础设施的过渡至关重要。尽管许多现有研究地址为生产替代燃料的过程和技术，但大多数人并未考虑基础架构的必要变化。该项目建议将我们的工作集中在基础设施要求和最佳技术上，以实现可持续替代燃料的未来，并通过为每种替代燃料/轻型工具选项创建场景来探索不同的基础设施选项。该项目将使用混合方法结合过程和特定于产品的特定模型以及在卡内基·梅隆（Carnegie Mellon）开发的国家经济投入输出生命周期评估模型，评估各种基础设施组件，替代燃料和车辆期权的整个生命周期。在美国轻型车辆采用任何替代燃料和/或推进系统的程度将急取决于所产生的属性满足市场偏好的程度。该项目将使用基于生命周期的分析以及各种需求的消费者选择模型与可访问的车辆属性的工程模拟，以预测市场的接受度，并在几种监管激励措施，技术进步和基础设施的情况下对替代燃料和车辆的可能公司反应。这项工作的结果将根据考虑环境，社会和经济问题的多面标准提出最有希望的替代方案。拟议的研究和综合教育计划的影响者的影响：该项目计划一系列与我们的研究活动集成的教育任务。将招募多样化，才华横溢的毕业生和本科生。它将研究结果将研究结果纳入中学学徒计划，大学课程中，并将其纳入其他地方的教育模块。它将使用互联网作为传播教育材料的机制。更广泛的是，可持续能源和基础设施是美国和世界的关键需求。该项目指出，世界不能继续假设廉价的石油可以满足我们的运输需求。社会需要从一项轨迹上开始，这将带来可持续的未来，无论是成本还是整体环境影响。该项目旨在通过专业和流行的分析和建议为这一运动做出重大贡献。该项目通过NSF的CTS，ECS和DMR部门共同支持该项目。