Microbial Degradation of Lignin, Plant Aromatics and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Boreal Forest Soil

北方森林土壤中木质素、植物芳香烃和多氯联苯 (PCB) 的微生物降解

• 批准号: 0626544
• 负责人: Mary Leigh
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2009-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0626544&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microbial; Degradation; Lignin; Plant; Aromatics

The goal of this work is to identify genes of bacteria, fungi and other microbes in Alaskan boreal forest soils that are active in the biodegradation of a variety of aromatic (ringed) compounds, including lignin, plant secondary compounds and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Stable isotope methods will be employed, which enable the direct identification of microorganisms and genes involved in biodegradation of labeled compounds under natural conditions. Lignin is the second most abundant biological molecule on earth, and comprises 25% of terrestrial biomass. Microbial biodegradation of this compound and other similar plant compounds is a critical component of global carbon cycling and also has practical application to the cleanup of chemically similar environmental pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Alaskan interior forests are particularly attractive for this study since local tree species have extraordinarily high concentrations of the plant compounds of interest. Thus, there may be an abundance of microbes associated with these plants that can effectively degrade these chemicals as well as environmental pollutants. The microbes and genes identified may be useful for the cleanup of polluted sites, and growing plant species that foster these microbes may accelerate the remediation process. Furthermore, this work will provide new insight into carbon cycling in the boreal forest.

这项工作的目的是鉴定阿拉斯加北方森林土壤中细菌，真菌和其他微生物的基因，这些基因活跃于各种芳香族（环形）化合物的生物降解中，包括木质素，植物二级化合物和多氯联苯二苯基（PCB）。 将采用稳定的同位素方法，这可以直接鉴定在自然条件下标记化合物的生物降解的微生物和基因。木质素是地球上第二丰富的生物分子，占陆地生物量的25％。该化合物和其他类似植物化合物的微生物生物降解是全球碳循环的关键组成部分，并且在清理化学相似的环境污染物（例如多氯联苯二苯基（PCB））方面也具有实际应用。 阿拉斯加内部森林对这项研究特别有吸引力，因为当地树种具有极高的植物化合物。 因此，与这些植物相关的微生物可能会有效地降解这些化学物质以及环境污染物。 鉴定出的微生物和基因可能对清理污染的地点有用，而促进这些微生物的种植植物可能会加速修复过程。 此外，这项工作将为北方森林中的碳循环提供新的见解。