Network Dynamics in an Emerging Democracy

新兴民主国家的网络动态

• 批准号: 0616802
• 负责人: David Stark
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0616802&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Network; Dynamics; Emerging; Democracy

Ses-0616802PI:David Stark Co PI: Balazs Vedres Institution: Columbia UniversityThis project analyzes the interactions of firms and parties across an entire epoch of economic and political transformation from 1987 to 2006 in a case where market-oriented enterprises and competitive political parties emerged in tandem. The case involves the simultaneous transformation of political and economic fields, the separation of state from economy and a possible re-politicization of the economic field. In examining newly market-oriented firms and newly competitive political parties, a key question arises: What is the relationship between business networks and political ties? By collecting data on political business groups from the first moment of network formation, the project will test rival hypotheses from political sociology and political science about the causal relations and timing of business ties and political affiliations. The case provides an opportunity to study how the dynamics of network evolution at the national level are shaped additionally by transnational processes, both economic and political. From a relatively closed economy, Hungary is now integrated into the European Union and has one of the most open economies in the world, with unprecedented levels of foreign direct investment. Does massive foreign investment lead to the break up of business groups? Does a shift in the locus of regulatory policy lead to a shift away from national parties? To study the formation and dynamics of political business groups, the investigators will construct an unprecedented dataset that includes: every senior manager and all of the members of the boards of directors of the largest 2,200 enterprises in the country for the entire twenty-year and every elected politician, with party affiliations of each officeholder. For the years prior to free elections, the political dataset will include members of the Communist Party's Politburo and Central Committee, as well as government ministers and deputies. The PIs will merge the lists of economic and political officeholders, for any given enterprise in any given month, and identify whether that company had an economic officeholder who was also a current or former political officeholder affiliated with a particular political party. To identify processes of the co-evolution of business networks and political affiliations, the investigators develop innovative methods of social sequence analysis and dynamic cohesion analysis. Intellectual Merit. This is the first comprehensive study of modern political business groups that examines network dynamics from the first moments of network formation while encompassing an entire epoch of economic transformation and political regime change. This unprecedented dataset makes it possible to test rival hypotheses about the dynamics of political business groups using innovative methods of quantitative historical sociology. Broad Impact. This study of the relationship between newly market-oriented firms and newly competitive political parties will yield insights about democratization and economic development. The analysis of the dynamics of political business groups in a context of massive foreign investment and supranational integration into the EU will be of interest to policy analysts in emerging democracies, in U.S. government agencies, and international institutions such as the World Bank.

Ses-0616802PI：David Stark Co PI：Balazs Vedres 机构：哥伦比亚大学该项目分析了 1987 年至 2006 年整个经济和政治转型时期企业和政党的相互作用，其中市场导向型企业和竞争性政党在 2006 年出现。串联。 该案涉及政治和经济领域的同步转型、国家与经济的分离以及经济领域可能的重新政治化。 在审视新的市场导向型企业和新的竞争性政党时，出现了一个关键问题：商业网络与政治关系之间的关系是什么？通过从网络形成的第一刻开始收集政治商业团体的数据，该项目将测试政治社会学和政治学关于商业关系和政治关系的因果关系和时间安排的相互竞争的假设。 该案例提供了一个机会来研究国家层面的网络演化动态如何受到跨国经济和政治进程的影响。 匈牙利从一个相对封闭的经济体，现已融入欧盟，成为世界上最开放的经济体之一，外国直接投资达到前所未有的水平。 大量外资是否会导致企业集团解体？ 监管政策焦点的转变是否会导致国家政党的转变？为了研究政治商业团体的形成和动态，调查人员将构建一个前所未有的数据集，其中包括：全国最大的 2200 家企业在整个 20 年和每一个时期的每一位高级管理人员和所有董事会成员。当选政治家，以及每位官员的政党背景。 在自由选举之前的几年，政治数据集将包括共产党政治局和中央委员会的成员，以及政府部长和代表。 PI 将合并任何给定月份内任何特定企业的经济和政治官员名单，并确定该公司是否有一位经济官员同时也是隶属于特定政党的现任或前任政治官员。 为了确定商业网络和政治背景共同演化的过程，研究人员开发了社会序列分析和动态凝聚力分析的创新方法。 智力优点。 这是对现代政治商业团体的首次全面研究，从网络形成的最初时刻审视网络动态，同时涵盖了经济转型和政治政权更迭的整个时代。 这个前所未有的数据集使得使用定量历史社会学的创新方法来测试有关政治商业团体动态的竞争假设成为可能。 广泛的影响。对新市场导向型企业与新竞争政党之间关系的研究将产生关于民主化和经济发展的见解。在大规模外国投资和超国家融入欧盟的背景下，对政治商业团体动态的分析将引起新兴民主国家、美国政府机构和世界银行等国际机构的政策分析师的兴趣。