Collaborative Research: A Comparison of the Mating System and Evolutionary Potential of Lemon Sharks, Negaprion Brevirostris (Poey), at Two Nursery Sites in the Western Atlantic

合作研究：西大西洋两个繁殖地的柠檬鲨（Negaprion Brevirostris，Poey）的交配系统和进化潜力的比较

• 批准号: 0623283
• 负责人: Samuel Gruber
• 金额: $ 41.29万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-02-01 至 2012-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0623283&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Comparison; Mating; System

One of the most pressing global conservation concerns is the loss of large predatory fish, especially sharks, from marine ecosystems. Despite the need for urgent action, very little is known about the spatial scaling, evolutionary dynamics and breeding biology of shark populations, which is necessary to develop effective management strategies. This study will expand a long-term analysis of the breeding biology of the lemon shark, and for the first time for any large marine vertebrate, examine the evolutionary dynamics of critical fitness traits (growth, early survival, condition factor) using a quantitative genetics approach. The investigators will build on previous research to (1) directly determine whether female lemon sharks return to their natal nursery for parturition (natal philopatry), (2) examine the lemon shark's mating system both locally and regionally at two separate nurseries (Bimini, Bahamas and Marquesas Key, Florida), (3) use quantitative genetics to understand heritability and local adaptation of fitness traits at these two sites, and (4) document genetic impacts of an anthropogenic disturbance at our main study site in the Bahamas. As a result of prior support, the necessary microsatellite markers are fully developed and over 2000 sharks have been sampled over ten years from these two populations. The Broader Impacts Teaching and Training include three university courses given at the Bimini Biological Field Station and involving the ongoing research on elasmobranch fishes. As part of the investigators' work, students from around the world will be trained in both the field at Bimini and Marquesas Key as well as the laboratory in Chicago. Underrepresented Groups are targeted through a special privately funded program that brings for underprivileged high school students, Latino, Caribbean and African Americans, to the Bimini Biological Field Station annually. In addition to publishing results in peer-review journals and presenting at international meetings, our findings will be presented to the public in the upcoming Field Museum exhibit, "Pritzker Lab on the Floor." Results of this research will be used to suggest appropriate management schemes for lemon sharks in and around the Florida Keys and presented to the Bahamian government to assist in designating Bimini lagoon as a Marine Protected Area.

最紧迫的全球保护问题之一是海洋生态系统中大型掠食性鱼类，尤其是鲨鱼的丧失。尽管需要紧急行动，但对鲨鱼种群的空间缩放，进化动力学和繁殖生物学知之甚少，这对于制定有效的管理策略是必不可少的。这项研究将扩大对柠檬鲨的育种生物学的长期分析，并首次使用定量遗传学方法来检查关键适应性特征（生长，早期生存，状况因素）的进化动力学。调查人员将基于先前的研究，直接确定女性柠檬鲨是否返回其出生托儿所进行分娩（Natal Philopatry），（2）检查柠檬鲨的交配系统在本地和区域性上都在两个独立的托儿所（Bimini，Bimini，Bahamas and Bahamas and Bahamas and Bahamas and Marques key，Florida，Florida），（3）使用这些量子，（3）适用于这些量子，（3）适用于量化的素质，以供量身定量统计，以供量身定量的素养，以供这些属于量化的属性，以供这些素养的人类及其动态及其动态及其及其动态及其动态及其及其动态。 （4）在巴哈马的主要研究地点记录人为障碍的遗传影响。事先支持的结果，必要的微卫星标记已完全开发，并且从这两个人群中进行了十年以上的2000多种鲨鱼。更广泛的教学和培训影响包括在Bimini Biological Field Station提供的三个大学课程，并涉及对弹性鱼类的持续研究。作为调查人员工作的一部分，来自世界各地的学生将在比米尼和马克萨斯钥匙的领域以及芝加哥的实验室接受培训。代表性不足的团体是通过一项特别的私人资助计划来针对贫困的高中生，拉丁裔，加勒比海和非裔美国人，每年将其带到Bimini生物野外站。除了在同行评审期刊上发布结果并在国际会议上介绍外，我们的发现还将在即将到来的现场博物馆展览“地板上的Pritzker Lab”中向公众展示。 这项研究的结果将用于建议针对佛罗里达钥匙及其周围的柠檬鲨的适当管理方案，并提交给巴哈马政府，以协助将比米尼泻湖指定为海洋保护区。