Collaborative Research: Exchange Network Transition: Uncertainty, Risk and Shifts in Mode of Transition

合作研究：交换网络转型：转型模式的不确定性、风险和转变

• 批准号: 0617682
• 负责人: Karen Cook
• 金额: $ 10.4万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-15 至 2011-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0617682&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Exchange; Network; Transition

SES:-0617682PI: Karen S. CookInstitution: Stanford UniversitySES-0623529PI: Coye CheshireInstitution: UC-BerkeleySocial scientists have accumulated a large and growing body of theory and data on many distinct types of social exchange systems. It has been demonstrated through a long history of social exchange experiments that different forms of exchange yield different outcomes, to some extent as a function of the differences that exist in levels of risk and uncertainty inherent in these different forms of exchange. There is, however, little or no research on the process of transitioning between different modes of social exchange. This collaborative experimental research between Stanford University and UC-Berkeley, develops a set of theoretically driven arguments for social exchange systems that transition (or shift) between reciprocal exchange and binding or non-binding negotiated exchange (which is only one of the possible types of transition in modes of exchange). This study uses a new set of social exchange experiments with 4-6 person groups who interact across a computer-mediated network. Some of the specific hypotheses include: an increase in contributions to partners when the form of the exchange shifts exogenously from reciprocal to negotiated exchange, an increase in assessments of a given partner's trustworthiness in reciprocal exchange when it precedes negotiated exchange, and the decreased desire to initiate (endogenously) a shift from reciprocal to negotiated exchange as subjects experience increased levels of cooperation in the former mode of exchange.The broader impact of this proposed research includes the capacity to directly address questions about processes and outcomes in rapidly changing systems of exchange such as business-to-business transactions (B2B), Internet-based exchanges, and other forms of real-world social exchange. Furthermore, this research advances the theoretical tradition of social exchange processes by developing the first series of testable hypotheses concerning the effects of shifts between different modes of exchange and examining how individual attitudes and attributions about exchange partners change as a result of these transitions. Given increased interest in real-world systems of B2B and Internet-based exchange (which often challenge many assumptions about exchange processes, attributions, and outcomes), the opportunities for theoretical development and real-world applications of the study of transitions in modes of exchange are substantial.

SES：-0617682PI：Karen S. Cook 机构：斯坦福大学SES-0623529PI：Coye Cheshire 机构：加州大学伯克利分校 社会科学家已经积累了关于许多不同类型的社会交换系统的大量且不断增长的理论和数据。 长期的社会交换实验已经证明，不同形式的交换会产生不同的结果，在某种程度上，这是这些不同形式的交换所固有的风险和不确定性水平差异的函数。 然而，对于不同社会交换模式之间的过渡过程的研究很少或根本没有。 斯坦福大学和加州大学伯克利分校之间的这项合作实验研究，为社会交换系统开发了一系列理论驱动的论据，这些系统在互惠交换和有约束力或无约束力的协商交换（这只是可能的类型之一）之间过渡（或转变）。交换方式的转变）。 这项研究采用了一组新的社会交换实验，由 4-6 人组成的小组通过计算机介导的网络进行互动。 一些具体假设包括：当交换形式从互惠外生地转变为协商交换时，对合作伙伴的贡献增加；当交换先于协商交换时，对给定合作伙伴在互惠交换中的可信度的评估增加；以及减少对互惠交换的渴望。随着主体在前一种交换模式中体验到合作水平的提高，发起（内生地）从互惠到协商交换的转变。这项拟议研究的更广泛影响包括直接解决有关流程和问题的能力。快速变化的交换系统的结果，例如企业对企业交易 (B2B)、基于互联网的交换以及其他形式的现实世界社交交换。 此外，本研究通过提出第一系列关于不同交换模式之间转变的影响的可检验假设，并研究个人对交换伙伴的态度和归因如何因这些转变而变化，从而推进了社会交换过程的理论传统。鉴于人们对 B2B 和基于互联网的交换的现实世界系统的兴趣日益浓厚（这通常挑战有关交换过程、归因和结果的许多假设），交换模式转变研究的理论发展和现实应用的机会是实质性的。