Collaborative Research: Functional and genomic analysis of polysymbiosis in the wood-boring bivalve Lyrodus pedicellatus

合作研究：钻木双壳类 Lyrodus pedicellatus 多共生的功能和基因组分析

基本信息

批准号：
0612444
负责人：
Daniel Distel
金额：
$ 35.18万
依托单位：
Ocean Genome Legacy
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-08-01 至 2007-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0612444&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Functional genomic analysis

Collaborative Research Functional genomic analysis

项目摘要

Each day massive quantities of wood and woody plant materials enter the oceans, providing resources upon which a large variety of marine organisms depend. However, the biological communities supported by marine wood are only poorly understood. Globally, the most important consumers of marine wood are wood-boring bivalves of the family Teredinidae (shipworms, primarily found above 150 m) and Pholadidae (subfamily Xylophagainae, primarily found in the deep sea, 150-8000 m). These clams depend on intracellular endosymbiotic bacteria (endocytobionts) to help them consume a substrate (lignocellulose) that cannot be utilized by most other animals. Two functions have been proposed for symbionts of wood-boring bivalves; 1) production of enzymes to facilitate lignocellulose digestion (xylotrophy) and 2) nitrogen fixation (diazotrophy) to supplement the host.s nitrogen-deficient diet. The purpose of the proposed research is to explore the physiological ecology of symbiotic xylotrophy in shipworms using molecular, biochemical and microbiological techniques. Three questions are foremost in this investigation; 1) What genetic variation occurs in symbiont populations within and between host species? 2) What is the quantitative contribution of symbionts to lignocellulose digestion and nitrogen fixation? and 3) What physical and biochemical mechanisms are involved in transfer of nutrients and enzymes between host and symbiont compartments?

每天大量的木材和木质植物材料进入海洋，提供各种各样的海洋生物所依赖的资源。但是，海洋木材支持的生物群落只能理解不足。在全球范围内，海洋木材最重要的消费者是Teredinidae家族的木孔双壳类（主要发现150 m以上）和pholadidae（木马中的木马家族，主要在深海中发现，150-8000 m）。这些蛤依靠细胞内内生物生物细菌（内吞to）来帮助它们消耗大多数其他动物无法利用的底物（木质纤维素）。已经提出了两种功能，用于木钻双壳类的共生体。 1）生产酶以促进木质纤维素消化（木质营养）和2）氮固定（重18酶营养），以补充宿主的氮缺陷饮食。拟议的研究的目的是使用分子，生化和微生物技术探索船虫共生木质营养的生理生态。这项调查中最重要的是三个问题； 1）在宿主物种之间和之间，共生群体中发生了哪些遗传变异？ 2）共生体对木质纤维素消化和氮固定的定量贡献是什么？ 3）在宿主和共生室之间的营养和酶转移中涉及哪些物理和生化机制？