Collaborative Research: Investigating Holocene Paleoclimate In The Western Arctic Ocean Using Very High-Resolution Marine Records Off Alaska

合作研究：利用阿拉斯加近海的高分辨率海洋记录调查北冰洋西部的全新世古气候

• 批准号: 0612365
• 负责人: Stefanie Brachfeld
• 金额: $ 2.28万
• 依托单位: Montclair State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-10-01 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0612365&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Investigating; Holocene; Paleoclimate

ABSTRACTDarbyOPP-0612493BrachfieldOPP-: 0612365 PolyakOPP-0612384OrtizOPP-0612473Intellectual Merit: Understanding how the climate system functions and how it might change, especially in the climate-sensitive Arctic Ocean, is of paramount importance and could be achieved through high-resolution paleo-records. Until the Healy-Oden Trans-Arctic Expedition (HOTRAX'05), such records in the Arctic Ocean were very rare. HOTRAX not only recovered several high-resolution records from the Alaskan margin, but also plankton tows for isotopic calibration of foraminifer, and samples of porewater collected under hermetic conditions for calibration of important proxies such as pyrite and monosulfides as potential indicators of paleoproductivity. Many proxies will be measured in the research including: sediment reflectivity, biogenic components (foraminifer, dinocysts, etc.), nutrients, stable isotopes and cadmium/calcium and magnesium/calcium in foraminiferal tests, and iron oxide fingerprinting of ice rafted debris for sea ice sources and drift patterns. Age models and detailed core correlation will be of primary concern initially and involve several approaches including AMS carbon-14, paleomagnetics, and lead-210. The objective will be to establish paleoclimate records for the Holocene for the HOTRAX cores along the continental shelf margin north of Alaska in a critical zone for the confluence and impact of different water masses. These cores should be impacted by many of the important influxes that might affect or record climate change in the western Arctic Ocean, such as the Mackenzie River and other drainage systems, the Bering Strait influx of Pacific waters, and the sub-surface influx of North Atlantic Intermediate water. These cores are ideal for recording sea ice input events from Russian Shelves into the Beaufort Gyre presumably in response to fluctuations in the Arctic Oscillation. Therefore, several proxies will be employed to measure the important environmental and climatic changes that should be recorded in these very high resolution HOTRAX cores. Broader Impacts: This research interfaces and fulfills many aspects of existing research initiatives such as the Study of Arctic environmental change (SEARCH), western Arctic Shelf-Basin Interactions (SBI), and paleoclimate component of the International Committee for Arctic Paleo Projects (ICARP) and its International Polar Year (IPY) affiliation. In addition, the results of this research could have important implications for residents of the north slope of Alaska with the focus on freshwater inputs and Russian ice to the waters offshore. Several graduate and undergraduate students will be involved. Many of the findings will be incorporated into courses taught by the investigators and talks to professional and community groups. More significantly, there will be opportunities for underrepresented minority students to participate and contribute to the proposed research through Old Dominion University's (ODU) Minority Undergraduate Scholarship and Training REU program (NSF-funded) and the joint ODU-Hampton University-Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences' Hall-Bonner Program for Minority Doctoral Scholars in Ocean Sciences (a NSF-funded Diversity in Geosciences grant). Collaboration with Teachers and Researchers Exploring and Collaborating (TREC) earth science teachers, begun on the HOTRAX cruise, will continue as part of this project with the development of small research exercises for the students that will be part of a website for use by similar teachers world-wide.

摘要DarbyOPP-0612493BrachfieldOPP-：0612365 PolyakOPP-0612384OrtizOPP-0612473智力价值：了解气候系统如何运作及其可能如何变化，特别是在气候敏感的北冰洋，至关重要，可以通过高分辨率古记录来实现。在希利-奥登跨北极探险（HOTRAX'05）之前，北冰洋的此类记录非常罕见。 HOTRAX 不仅从阿拉斯加边缘恢复了几条高分辨率记录，还恢复了用于有孔虫同位素校准的浮游生物丝束，以及在密封条件下收集的孔隙水样本，用于校准黄铁矿和单硫化物等重要指标，作为古生产力的潜在指标。研究中将测量许多替代指标，包括：沉积物反射率、生物成分（有孔虫、甲虫等）、营养物、稳定同位素以及有孔虫测试中的镉/钙和镁/钙，以及海洋冰筏碎片的氧化铁指纹图谱冰源和漂移模式。年龄模型和详细的岩心相关性将是最初关注的首要问题，涉及多种方法，包括 AMS 碳 14、古地磁学和 Lead-210。 目标是为阿拉斯加北部大陆架边缘的 HOTRAX 核心建立全新世古气候记录，该区域是不同水团汇合和影响的关键区域。这些核心应该受到许多可能影响或记录北冰洋西部气候变化的重要流入的影响，例如麦肯齐河和其他排水系统、太平洋水域的白令海峡流入以及北冰洋的地下流入。大西洋中层水。这些岩心非常适合记录从俄罗斯大陆架到波弗特环流的海冰输入事件，大概是为了响应北极涛动的波动。因此，将采用几个代理来测量应在这些高分辨率 HOTRAX 核心中记录的重要环境和气候变化。更广泛的影响：这项研究连接并实现了现有研究计划的许多方面，例如北极环境变化研究（SEARCH）、北极西部陆架盆地相互作用（SBI）以及国际北极古项目委员会（ICARP）的古气候部分及其国际极地年 (IPY) 附属机构。此外，这项研究的结果可能对阿拉斯加北坡的居民产生重要影响，重点是淡水输入和俄罗斯近海水域的冰。 一些研究生和本科生将参与其中。 许多研究结果将被纳入研究人员教授的课程以及与专业和社区团体的谈话中。更重要的是，通过奥道明大学 (ODU) 少数族裔本科生奖学金和培训 REU 计划（NSF 资助）以及 ODU-汉普顿大学-弗吉尼亚海洋研究所联合项目，代表性不足的少数族裔学生将有机会参与并为拟议的研究做出贡献科学学院针对海洋科学少数族裔博士学者的霍尔邦纳计划（美国国家科学基金会资助的地球科学多样性资助）。与教师和研究人员的合作 探索与合作 (TREC) 地球科学教师从 HOTRAX 巡游开始，将继续作为该项目的一部分，为学生开发小型研究练习，这些练习将成为网站的一部分，供类似教师使用全世界。