NIRT: Active Nanostructures for Nucleic Directed synthesis of Organic Functional Polymers

NIRT：用于有机功能聚合物核定向合成的活性纳米结构

• 批准号: 0608889
• 负责人: Nadrian Seeman
• 金额: $ 150万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-10-01 至 2011-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0608889&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Active; Nanostructures; Nucleic; Directed

PI: Nadrian C. Seeman Institution: New York UniversityProposal Number: 0608889Title: NIRT: Active Nanostructures for Nucleic Directed Synthesis of Organic Functional PolymersThis proposal was received in response to Nanoscale Science and Engineering initiative, NSF 05-610, category NIRT. Summary: The goal of this project is to build on the DNA nanotechnology developed by the Seeman laboratory over the last four years to chemically manufacture a DNA nanomachine capable of synthesizing polymers with desired optical, electrical, and stereochemical properties that are difficult or impossible to achieve with normal polymer synthesis techniques. The aim is to develop and prototype the strategy to construct such polymers with a precision approaching that by which the ribosome constructs proteins. This project would bring to bear underlying tools that have been developed recently by Seeman (NYU), Goddard (Caltech), Winfree (Caltech), and Canary (NYU) under previous NIRT and SGER projects. They plan to use these tools to produce and demonstrate the artificial ribosome device. To accomplish this they plan to:(1) Develop a translation device to convert a given sequence of monomers to polymers with precise length and sequence control (modifying the rotary device previously developed by Seeman)(2) Use transcriptional circuitry developed by Winfree to control the nature and sequence of the polymer synthesized and to provide polymers that reflect the history of the system.(3) Use multiscale first principles-based simulation tools developed by Goddard and Deng to design and optimize the polymer monomers and connections to achieve supramolecular active organic polymer structures with desired electronic or optical properties(4) Use novel organic synthesis techniques developed by Canary to build DNA-polymer subunit conjugates to add polymer subunits to nucleic acid backbones. This chemistry-prototyping system already responds to a continuous message.They plan to first introduce a translocation step in the nanodevice so that inputting a new message to the device will result in a new polymer product. The advantage of translocation (in contrast to the rotary device already developed by Seeman), is that longer products can be built without making larger devices. Ultimately they expect to generate the message via the transcriptional circuitry developed in the Winfree laboratory, thereby building polymers as a consequence of logical circuitry and in response to cues from the surrounding medium.Intellectual Merit: This project attempts to develop a prototype DNA based machine capable of synthesizing organic polymers with the same flexibility and specificity displayed by the ribosome in synthesizing proteins. This is a grand challenge which would stimulate a number of research efforts to enable this for broader ranges of organic compounds. Nothing in the technology limits it to organic polymers. The project builds on many years of development in the Seeman, Goddard, Winfree, and Canary labs all to be brought to bear on this problem. The confluence of these disparate efforts would likely stimulate each of the research areas involved. To provide a useful target for this technology, the PIs plan to develop novel one and two dimensional nonlinear optical (NLO) polymers with very large hyperpolarizabilities (susceptibilities). Even more ambitious is the proposal to build a new type of nanostructure architecture based on assembling a 2D array of functional polymers (rather than the nanotubes or nanowires of other recent approaches). They suggest that these can be used to put logic units at the nodes rather than simple switches. This should stimulate many new ideas and proposals.Broader Impacts: The NYU and Caltech PIs have aggressively pursued the active incorporation of underrepresented groups within their research operations and they have participated in special outreach programs aimed at both high school and K6 students with an emphasis on underrepresented groups. They are strongly committed to continuing and escalating these efforts under the NIRT program. For example, the Goddard group has played a vital role in Quality Education for Minorities (QEM) and Minorities in Mathematics, Science, and Engineering (MSE) programs at Caltech. NYU has involved many high school students in nanotechnology research and Seeman works closely with scientifically-oriented arts and entertainment groups.Research and Education Theme: Nanoscale Devices and System Architectures

PI：Nadrian C. Seeman 机构：纽约大学提案编号：0608889 标题：NIRT：用于核定向合成有机功能聚合物的活性纳米结构该提案是为了响应纳米科学与工程计划、NSF 05-610、NIRT 类别而收到的。 摘要：该项目的目标是在 Seeman 实验室过去四年开发的 DNA 纳米技术的基础上，通过化学方法制造 DNA 纳米机器，能够合成具有所需光学、电学和立体化学特性的聚合物，而这些特性很难或不可能实现用普通的聚合物合成技术。 目的是开发和原型化构建此类聚合物的策略，其精度接近核糖体构建蛋白质的策略。 该项目将采用 Seeman（纽约大学）、Goddard（加州理工学院）、Winfree（加州理工学院）和 Canary（纽约大学）最近在之前的 NIRT 和 SGER 项目下开发的基础工具。 他们计划使用这些工具来生产和演示人工核糖体装置。 为了实现这一目标，他们计划：（1）开发一种翻译装置，将给定的单体序列转换为具有精确长度和序列控制的聚合物（修改Seeman先前开发的旋转装置）（2）使用Winfree开发的转录电路来控制(3)使用Goddard和Deng开发的基于第一原理的多尺度模拟工具来设计和优化聚合物单体和连接，以实现超分子活性有机物聚合物结构与所需的电子或光学特性(4) 使用 Canary 开发的新型有机合成技术构建 DNA-聚合物亚基缀合物，将聚合物亚基添加到核酸主链上。该化学原型系统已经对连续信息做出响应。他们计划首先在纳米设备中引入易位步骤，以便向设备输入新信息将产生新的聚合物产品。 易位的优点（与 Seeman 已经开发的旋转装置相比）是可以制造更长的产品，而无需制造更大的装置。 最终，他们希望通过 Winfree 实验室开发的转录电路生成信息，从而根据逻辑电路并响应周围介质的提示构建聚合物。 智力优点：该项目试图开发一种基于 DNA 的机器原型合成有机聚合物的方法与核糖体合成蛋白质时所表现出的灵活性和特异性相同。 这是一个巨大的挑战，将刺激许多研究工作，以使其能够应用于更广泛的有机化合物。 该技术中没有任何内容将其限制于有机聚合物。 该项目建立在 Seeman、Goddard、Winfree 和 Canary 实验室多年开发的基础上，所有实验室都致力于解决这个问题。 这些不同的努力的融合可能会刺激所涉及的每个研究领域。 为了为这项技术提供一个有用的目标，PI 计划开发具有非常大的超极化率（磁化率）的新型一维和二维非线性光学 (NLO) 聚合物。 更雄心勃勃的是基于组装功能聚合物二维阵列（而不是其他最近方法的纳米管或纳米线）构建新型纳米结构体系结构的提议。 他们建议这些可以用来在节点上放置逻辑单元而不是简单的开关。 这应该会激发许多新的想法和建议。 更广泛的影响：纽约大学和加州理工学院的 PI 积极寻求将代表性不足的群体积极纳入其研究业务，并参加了针对高中和 K6 学生的特殊外展计划，重点是代表性不足的群体。他们坚定地致力于在 NIRT 计划下继续并加强这些努力。 例如，戈达德小组在加州理工学院的少数族裔素质教育 (QEM) 和数学、科学和工程中的少数族裔 (MSE) 项目中发挥了至关重要的作用。 纽约大学让许多高中生参与纳米技术研究，西曼与科学导向的艺术和娱乐团体密切合作。研究和教育主题：纳米器件和系统架构