Iceland-Scotland Ridge Exchange Flow Seaglider Surveys
冰岛-苏格兰海岭交换流海上滑翔机调查
基本信息
- 批准号:0550584
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 205.22万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2006
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2006-03-01 至 2011-02-28
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The scientific goal of the project is to document and understand the seasonal and interannual variability of both Atlantic inflow to and deep overflow from the Nordic Seas over the Iceland-Scotland Ridge, a region where meridional overturning circulation deep branches are formed and important shallow branches concentrate. Currently, the most reliable estimates of exchange across the Iceland-Scotland Ridge are based on currents and hydrography sampled with different spatial and temporal resolution, with different techniques, and with debatable values for reference temperature and salinity. The detailed spatial structure and seasonal and interannual variability of circulation in this region has yet to be resolved. In the context of global climate change, decline of the meridional overturning circulation is widely predicted. Climate models are very sensitive to these transports and resolution of them is crucial to understanding ocean climate variability, past, present and future. New observations (primarily physical) will be used to infer entrainment sites and to quantify transports by water mass type for use in improving climate models, whose predictions under global warming are sensitive to the physics of the high-latitude ocean. The intense biological productivity of the region, which depends on these circulations and water masses, will also be profiled optically. Long-range autonomous underwater vehicles (Seagliders) will be used to collect full-depth hydrography and estimate absolute geostrophic velocity sections simultaneously of both shallow northward inflow and dense southward overflow across the Iceland-Faroe Ridge and the Faroe-Shetland Channel. This domain is thought to account for about 90% of the Atlantic transport poleward and about half of the deep water transport equatorward (the remaining portion passes through the Denmark Strait). Seagliders will collect high-resolution sections of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence and optical backscatter as well as depth-averaged horizontal velocity. The sections will resolve seasonal variations and begin to detect prominent interannual variations. One Seaglider will traverse the Faroe-Shetland Channel weekly while a pair of Seagliders will survey the southwestern flank of the Iceland-Faroe Ridge, repeating a ~1000 km track monthly. The vehicles will be deployed in 4-month missions continuously for 3 years, using vessels in the Faroe Islands for launch and recovery. The plan is to collect about 30,000 full-depth (500-1000m) profiles with 3-6 km horizontal resolution across nearly 60,000 km of track during the three year project, all delivered in near real-time via satellite. Real-time command of the Seagliders will allow mapping of finescale water masses and frontal features. The observations will be carried out in conjunction with mooring/ship observations of on-going projects, and with Norwegian, Icelandic and Faroese collaborating scientists The study is a contribution to the U.S. CLIVAR (CLImate VARiability and predictability) program..Intellectual Merit. The most basic dynamic balances of the global overturning circulation of the oceans are under debate. Global change may alter the overturning circulation and with it, global climate and ecosystems. High resolution climate observations with radically new platforms, sustained in time, can guide the numerical climate models which are increasingly relied upon in matters of policy and planning Broader Impacts. Beyond physical science, this work relates to ecosystems in one of the most biologically productive sites on Earth, and a region of strong uptake of carbon from the atmosphere. The work will provide bio-optical profiles and sections at high resolution in regions of unusually high biological productivity. The interdependence of fisheries and physical oceanography in this region is extremely strong, as primary productivity is associated with buoyant, low-salinity layers which trap phytoplankton. The research contributes to our undergraduate teaching in environmental studies, in which the methods and results of science are put before young students who are the beneficiaries and custodians of the environment.
该项目的科学目标是记录和了解冰岛-苏格兰海岭上大西洋流入北欧海和从北欧海深溢的季节和年际变化,冰岛-苏格兰海脊是经向翻转环流深支形成的区域,重要浅支集中的区域。目前,对冰岛-苏格兰海岭交换最可靠的估计是基于以不同空间和时间分辨率、不同技术以及有争议的参考温度和盐度值采样的洋流和水文学。该地区详细的空间结构以及环流的季节和年际变化尚未得到解决。在全球气候变化的背景下,人们普遍预测经向翻转环流将减弱。气候模型对这些传输非常敏感,解决这些传输对于了解过去、现在和未来的海洋气候变化至关重要。新的观测(主要是物理的)将用于推断夹带地点并量化水团类型的传输,以用于改进气候模型,其对全球变暖的预测对高纬度海洋的物理特性很敏感。该地区依赖于这些循环和水团的强大生物生产力也将被光学描绘。远程自主水下航行器(Seagliders)将用于收集全深度水文学,并同时估计冰岛-法罗海脊和法罗-设得兰海峡浅层向北流入和密集向南溢流的绝对地转速度剖面。该域被认为占大西洋向极地运输的约 90% 和约一半向赤道的深水运输(其余部分穿过丹麦海峡)。海洋滑翔机将收集温度、盐度、溶解氧、荧光和光学反向散射以及深度平均水平速度的高分辨率部分。这些部分将解决季节变化并开始检测显着的年际变化。一架海上滑翔机将每周穿越法罗-设得兰海峡,而一对海上滑翔机将勘测冰岛-法罗山脊的西南侧,每月重复约 1000 公里的轨道。这些车辆将在3年内连续部署4个月的任务,使用法罗群岛的船只进行发射和回收。该计划的目标是在三年的项目期间,在近 60,000 公里的轨道上收集约 30,000 个水平分辨率为 3-6 km 的全深度(500-1000 m)剖面图,所有这些剖面图均通过卫星近乎实时地传输。对海洋滑翔机的实时指挥将能够绘制精细的水团和锋面特征。这些观测将与正在进行的项目的系泊/船舶观测结合起来,并与挪威、冰岛和法罗群岛的科学家合作进行。这项研究是对美国 CLIVAR(气候变化和可预测性)计划的贡献。全球海洋翻转环流最基本的动态平衡仍在争论中。全球变化可能会改变翻转环流,并随之改变全球气候和生态系统。通过及时持续的全新平台进行高分辨率气候观测,可以指导数值气候模型,这些模型在政策和规划更广泛的影响方面越来越依赖。除了物理科学之外,这项工作还涉及地球上生物生产力最高的地区之一的生态系统,以及从大气中大量吸收碳的地区。这项工作将为生物生产力异常高的区域提供高分辨率的生物光学剖面和切片。该地区渔业和物理海洋学的相互依赖性非常强,因为初级生产力与捕获浮游植物的浮力低盐层有关。这项研究有助于我们环境研究的本科教学,将科学的方法和结果展示给作为环境的受益者和守护者的年轻学生。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Charles Eriksen其他文献
Charles Eriksen的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Charles Eriksen', 18)}}的其他基金
Oceanic Geostrophic Turbulence Inferred From Vertical Structure Observations
从垂直结构观测推断的海洋地转湍流
- 批准号:
1736217 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 205.22万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Comparison of Deepglider and RAPID-MOCHA Moored Array Observations
Deepglider 和 RAPID-MOCHA 系泊阵列观测的比较
- 批准号:
1458174 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 205.22万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Deepglider Reliability Development
Deepglider 可靠性开发
- 批准号:
1153983 - 财政年份:2012
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$ 205.22万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Cuddy Decay: Observation of Subthermocline Eddy Spindown and Property Exchange
卡迪衰变:亚温跃层涡旋下降和属性交换的观察
- 批准号:
1153980 - 财政年份:2012
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$ 205.22万 - 项目类别:
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Physical Control of Carbon Export in the Subarctic Pacific
亚北极太平洋碳输出的物理控制
- 批准号:
1129090 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 205.22万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
EAGER: Deepglider Pilot Observations of Western Boundary Current Structure Offshore Abaco
EAGER:深滑翔机对阿巴科近海西边界水流结构的试点观测
- 批准号:
1031780 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 205.22万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Cascadia Slope Circulation Study
合作研究:卡斯卡迪亚斜坡循环研究
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0526634 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 205.22万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Glider Repeat Surveys of Eastern Boundary Currents off Washington
滑翔机重复测量华盛顿附近的东部边界流
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0095414 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 205.22万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Incorporation of Sensors into Autonomous Gliders for 4-D Measurement of Bio-Optical and Chemical Parameters
合作研究:将传感器融入自主滑翔机中,用于生物光学和化学参数的 4 维测量
- 批准号:
9911036 - 财政年份:1999
- 资助金额:
$ 205.22万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
TOGA: Moored Observations of Upper Ocean Structure During the TOGA-COARE Intenvice Observing Period (IOP)
TOGA:TOGA-COARE 密集观测期 (IOP) 期间对上层海洋结构的系泊观测
- 批准号:
9110537 - 财政年份:1991
- 资助金额:
$ 205.22万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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