Late Tertiary Climatic Changes and the Evolutionary Success of Tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae): A Phylogenetic Approach

晚第三纪气候变化和千里光族（菊科）的进化成功：系统发育方法

• 批准号: 0542238
• 负责人: Linda Watson
• 金额: $ 30.19万
• 依托单位: Miami University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-15 至 2009-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0542238&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Late; Tertiary; Climatic; Changes; Evolutionary

The plant tribe Senecioneae is a large group of plants in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family, with approximately 3000 described species worldwide. It has an almost cosmopolitan distribution and harbors enormous diversity in morphological adaptations. Yet there has been no attempt to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships within this enormous plant group despite the numerous and detailed studies on the Asteraceae as a whole and for all other tribes in this family, thereby creating a large gap in our understanding of one of the largest families of vascular plants. The aim of the proposed research is to improve our understanding of the evolutionary success of Senecioneae by reconstructing its evolutionary history and by examining the origin of summer-dry / winter-wet habitats (mediterranean climates) in which so many members of this group live; such climates appeared between 2 and 6 million years ago and resulted in regions with specialized floras on five continents. Utilizing biogeographic and molecular dating methods, the time and place of origin for the Senecioneae will be estimated, and dispersal pathways leading from ancestral area(s) into regions with Mediterranean climates will be reconstructed and dated. The patterns of diversification that subsequently followed colonization into Mediterranean regions will be further examined and routes of migration into areas with other climates will be inferred. Thus, it will be determined if the descendents of Mediterranean lineages remained confined to these summer-dry areas, or alternatively, became main elements of other contemporary floras. A final goal is to use the reconstructed relationships of Senecioneae as a basis for a new classification for the tribe that reflects evolutionary history. The merits of this proposal will be a better understanding of the evolution of Mediterranean-climate plants, in general, by providing insight into the relationship between climate change and diversification. Furthermore, this project will contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of one of the largest, most diverse, and successful families of flowering plants.The impacts of this research include contributions to the education of students and teachers through research training, to the general public through the increased availability of information on the Internet, as well as to the scientific community through publication in journals and presentations. The proposed research will give opportunities for Miami University of Ohio students to complete their research requirements for graduation, and opportunities for graduate students to serve as research mentors. In addition, the proposed research will be available to students who apply to the University's Summer Scholars Program and to in-service primary and secondary school teachers in the Masters of Teaching Program. Photographs, descriptions, phylogenies, and nomenclatural information will be incorporated into the Tree of Life website for access by the general public with links to important databases. Similarly, information will be provided for the website of The International Compositae Alliance, an international consortium of scientists studying the evolution of the sunflower family.

植物部落Senecioneae是Asteraceae（向日葵）家族中的一大批植物，全球约有3000种描述的物种。它具有几乎是国际化的分布，并且在形态适应方面拥有巨大的多样性。然而，尽管对整个星际科和该家族的所有其他部落进行了大量详细的研究，但仍未尝试重建这个巨大的植物群体中的进化关系，从而在我们对最大的血管植物家庭之一的理解中造成了巨大的差距。拟议的研究的目的是通过重建其进化史，并检查夏季狂欢 /冬季卫生栖息地（地中海气候）的起源，以提高我们对Senecioneae进化成功的理解，在该夏季狂欢（地中海气候）中，该小组的许多成员都活着；这种气候出现在2到600万年前，并在五大洲的专门植物园中导致了地区。利用生物地理学和分子约会方法，将估算塞耐欧的原产地和地点，并将重建和日期从祖先区域通向具有地中海气候的区域。将进一步研究随后遵循地中海地区的多元化模式，并将推断迁移到其他气候的途径。因此，将确定地中海血统的后代仍然局限于这些夏季干旱地区，或者是其他当代植物群的主要要素。最终目标是利用塞替欧的重建关系作为反映进化史的部落新分类的基础。 总的来说，该提案的优点将是对地中海气候植物的演变的更好理解，这是通过提供对气候变化与多样化之间关系的见解。 此外，该项目将有助于更好地理解开花植物的最大，最多样化，最成功的家族之一。这项研究的影响包括通过研究培训对学生和教师的教育的贡献，以及通过在互联网上增加信息的可用性，以及通过在期刊和演示文献中出版的科学社区来对公众提供的信息。拟议的研究将为俄亥俄州迈阿密大学学生提供毕业的研究要求，并为研究生担任研究导师的机会。此外，拟议的研究还将向申请大学夏季学者计划以及在教学硕士课程中的小学和中学教师的学生提供。照片，描述，系统发育和命名信息将纳入生命之树网站，以供公众访问，并链接到重要数据库。 同样，将为国际综合联盟（International Compositae Alliance）的网站提供信息，这是一个研究葵花籽家族发展的国际科学家联盟。