Collaborative Research: Impacts of Elevated pCO2 on a Dominant Aragonitic Pteropod (Thecosomata) and its Specialist Predator (Gymnosomata) in the Ross Sea

合作研究：pCO2 升高对罗斯海主要文石翼足类动物 (Thecosomata) 及其专业捕食者 (Gymnosomata) 的影响

• 批准号: 0538479
• 负责人: Brad Seibel
• 金额: $ 16.73万
• 依托单位: University of Rhode Island
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0538479&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Impacts; Elevated; pCO2

Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations have resulted in greater oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide. Elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide can impact marine organisms both via decreased carbonate saturation that affects calcification rates and via disturbance to acid-base (metabolic) physiology. Pteropod molluscs (Thecosomata) form shells made of aragonite, a type of calcium carbonate that is highly soluble, suggesting that these organisms may be particularly sensitive to increasing carbon dioxide and reduced carbonate ion concentration. Thecosome pteropods, which dominate the calcium carbonate export south of the Antarctic Polar Front, will be the first major group of marine calcifying organisms to experience carbonate undersaturation within parts of their present-day geographical ranges as a result of anthropogenic carbon dioxide. An unusual, co-evolved relationship between thecosomes and their specialized gymnosome predators provides a unique backdrop against which to assess the physiological and ecological importance of elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide. Pteropods are functionally important components of the Antarctic ecosystem with potential to influence phytoplankton stocks, carbon export, and dimethyl sulfide levels that, in turn, influence global climate through ocean-atmosphere feedback loops. The research will quantify the impact of elevated carbon dioxide on a dominant aragonitic pteropod, Limacina helicina, and its specialist predator, the gymnosome Clione antarctica, in the Ross Sea through laboratory experimentation. Results will be disseminated broadly to enhance scientific understanding in this field. The project involves collaboration between researchers at a predominantly undergraduate institution with a significant enrollment of students that are typically underrepresented in the research environment (California State University San Marcos - CSUSM) and at a Ph.D.-granting institution (University of Rhode Island - URI). The program will promote education and learning through the joint education of undergraduate students and graduate students at CSUSM and URI as part of a research team, as well as through the teaching activities of the principal investigators. Dr. Keating, CSUSM professor of science education, will participate in the McMurdo fieldwork and lead the outreach opportunities for the project.

大气中二氧化碳浓度的上升导致海洋对人为二氧化碳的吸收量增加。二氧化碳分压升高会通过降低碳酸盐饱和度（影响钙化速率）和扰乱酸碱（代谢）生理学来影响海洋生物。翼足类软体动物（Thecosomata）形成由霰石（一种高度可溶的碳酸钙）制成的壳，这表明这些生物体可能对增加的二氧化碳和减少的碳酸根离子浓度特别敏感。翼足动物在南极极锋以南的碳酸钙出口中占主导地位，它们将成为第一批在其当今地理范围内因人为二氧化碳而经历碳酸盐欠饱和的海洋钙化生物的主要群体。卵泡体与其专门的裸体捕食者之间不寻常的共同进化关系为评估二氧化碳分压升高的生理和生态重要性提供了独特的背景。翼足类动物是南极生态系统功能上的重要组成部分，有可能影响浮游植物储量、碳输出和二甲硫醚水平，进而通过海洋-大气反馈循环影响全球气候。 该研究将通过实验室实验量化二氧化碳浓度升高对罗斯海中占主导地位的文石翼足类动物 Limacina helicina 及其专业捕食者 Clione antarctica 的影响。结果将广泛传播，以增强对该领域的科学理解。该项目涉及一所以本科为主的机构（加州州立大学圣马科斯分校 - CSUSM）和一所博士授予机构（罗德岛大学 - 罗德岛大学 - URI）。该计划将通过 CSUSM 和 URI 的本科生和研究生作为研究团队的一部分进行联合教育，以及通过主要研究人员的教学活动来促进教育和学习。 CSUSM 科学教育教授 Keating 博士将参加麦克默多实地考察并领导该项目的推广机会。