Non-equilibrium transport properties of helical Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids

螺旋 Tomonaga-Luttinger 液体的非平衡输运特性

• 批准号: 173218440
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Björn Trauzettel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/173218440?language=en
• 关键词: Non; equilibrium; transport; properties; helical

Topological insulators are gapped in the bulk but form gapless edge states at the boundaries. These edge states preserve the bulk symmetries [Qi06] and have therefore rather specific properties. In twodimensional (2D) topological insulators, the edge states are one-dimensional (1D). This 1D system (in the presence of electron-electron interactions) has been coined helical Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (hTLL) [Wu06,Xu06] because the spin and the direction of motion are strongly bound. The proposed projects deal with non-equilibrium transport properties of hTLLs. Using the Keldysh formalism and bosonization, we intend to calculate the non-linear current as well as the current noise in multiterminal setups based on hTLLs coupled to normal metal as well as superconducting electron reservoirs. Due to the helicity of the 1D system, we expect exciting appearances of fractional charges which should be observable in shot noise measurements. The most interesting question we would like to address is under which circumstances one can expect to see the above mentioned fractional excitations in a realistic experimental scenario.

拓扑绝缘体整体上有间隙，但在边界处形成无间隙边缘态。这些边缘态保留了体对称性 [Qi06]，因此具有相当特定的属性。在二维（2D）拓扑绝缘体中，边缘态是一维（1D）的。这种一维系统（存在电子-电子相互作用）被称为螺旋 Tomonaga-Luttinger 液体 (hTLL) [Wu06,Xu06]，因为自旋和运动方向受到强烈束缚。拟议的项目涉及 hTLL 的非平衡输运特性。使用凯尔迪什形式主义和玻色化，我们打算计算基于与普通金属和超导电子库耦合的 hTLL 的多端设置中的非线性电流和电流噪声。由于一维系统的螺旋性，我们预计分数电荷会出现令人兴奋的现象，这应该可以在散粒噪声测量中观察到。我们想要解决的最有趣的问题是在什么情况下人们可以期望在现实的实验场景中看到上述分数激励。