Collaborative Research on Sunlight and the Arctic Atmosphere-Ice-Ocean System

阳光与北极大气-冰海系统的合作研究

• 批准号: 0531026
• 负责人: Bonnie Light
• 金额: $ 49.07万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0531026&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Sunlight; Arctic; Atmosphere

AbstractThe distinct annual cycle of solar radiation is a defining feature of the Arctic system. The lack of sunlight in winter and the long daylight hours in summer control the seasonal cycle of the surface heat budget, structure both terrestrial and marine ecosystems, drive the seasonal build-up and sequestration of carbon and play a major role in the cycling of major atmospheric constituents. One of the most important aspects of the disposition of solar radiation within the Arctic system is the reflection, absorption and transmission of sunlight by the atmosphere-sea ice-ocean system (AIOS). The overall goals of this study are to enhance our understanding of the present role that solar radiation plays in the Arctic AIOS and to improve our ability to predict the future role. This will be accomplished through an integrative and synthetic approach. Data will be collected from a wide range of sources including laboratory studies, field experiments, and satellite observations. An error analysis and data gap assessment will be a central component of the synthesis activity. Process models, ice-ocean models, and reanalysis products will be used to fill the gaps in the dataset. The primary product of this synthesis effort will be a 20-year, pan-Arctic description of the interaction of solar radiation with the AIOS. In particular, we will determine spectral values from 250 to 2500 nm of the incident solar energy, the reflected solar energy, and the solar energy absorbed in the snow, sea ice, and upper ocean. Values will be computed on a monthly, pan-Arctic basis from 1987 to 2007 using the 25 x 25 km Equal Area Scalable Earth Grid. The influx of (solar) heat into the Western Arctic through Bering Strait will also be examined in detail, since the largest changes in ice extent and ice thickness have been observed in this sector of the Arctic. This proposed synthesis of solar radiation in the Arctic AIOS will contribute several key elements to the larger synthesis of the Arctic System including: an assessment of the recent changes in solar energy input to the Arctic Ocean in relation to the observed changes in ice cover and ice mass balance; an evaluation of polar amplification through the ice-albedo feedback; information on the distribution of solar energy available for driving the biological production in the under-ice and upper ocean environments; and insights into the potential changes in and impacts of solar energy distribution as predicted by climate change models.

摘要太阳辐射的独特年周期是北极系统的定义特征。冬季缺乏阳光，夏季漫长的白天控制着地表热预算的季节性周期，结构陆地和海洋生态系统，驱动季节性的堆积和隔离碳，并在主要大气成分的循环中发挥重要作用。北极系统内太阳辐射处置的最重要方面之一是大气 - 冰山系统（AIOS）对阳光的反射，吸收和传播。这项研究的总体目标是增强我们对太阳辐射在北极AIO中发挥的目前作用的理解，并提高我们预测未来作用的能力。这将通过综合和合成的方法来实现。数据将从广泛的来源收集，包括实验室研究，现场实验和卫星观测值。错误分析和数据差距评估将是合成活动的核心组成部分。过程模型，冰淇淋模型和重新分析产品将用于填补数据集中的空白。这种合成工作的主要产物将是太阳辐射与AIO的相互作用的20年泛极描述。特别是，我们将确定频谱值从250至2500 nm的太阳能，反射太阳能以及在雪，海冰和上海中吸收的太阳能。从1987年至2007年，使用25 x 25 km相等的面积可伸缩地面网格以每月的泛北极基础计算值。还将详细检查（太阳能）通过白令海峡向西北极地区的涌入，因为在北极的这一区域已经观察到冰的程度和冰厚度最大的变化。提出的北极AIO太阳辐射的合成将为北极系统的较大综合贡献几个关键要素，包括：评估北极海洋最新变化的北极海洋的变化，与观察到的冰盖和冰质量平衡的变化有关；通过冰 - 阿尔底多反馈评估极性扩增；有关可用于驱动冰冰和上海环境中生物生产的太阳能分布的信息；以及对气候变化模型预测的太阳能分布的潜在变化和影响的见解。