Description of limit and failure states for biological methane oxidation in landfills: experimental investigation, chemical analysis, mechanical modeling and computational simulation

垃圾填埋场生物甲烷氧化的极限和失效状态描述：实验研究、化学分析、机械建模和计算模拟

基本信息

批准号：
172064034
负责人：
Professor Dr.-Ing. Tim Ricken
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Instrumentelle Analytische Chemie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/172064034?language=en
关键词：
Description limit failure states biological

项目摘要

Over time the organic components in landfills are converted by bacterial activities. The resulting landfill gas is composed of 40% carbon dioxide and 60% methane. If no collection system is installed, the landfill gas can freely emit into the atmosphere. Unfortunately, methane is an especially harmful greenhouse gas and pollutes the atmosphere over 23 times more than carbon dioxide. Therefore, politics, science and industry are searching for technologies in order to permanently reduce the methane emissions. The normal procedure is to actively extract the landfill gas with so called gas wells and then finally to dispose the gas thermally. However, an unsolved problem remains regarding the time from when the gas production decreases due to reduced bacterial activity.This time period is called passive after-care phase and can last for 100 years or more which presents a predicament. On the one hand, the active extraction of the landfill gas over a period decades is financially as well as technically very costly. On the other hand, the long term pollution of the atmosphere through the landfill gas is socially not responsible or justifiable. Thus, a solution is needed which i) leads to reasonable costs, ii) is technically feasible and iii) shows sufficient reliability in respect to malfunction or failure. Regarding the first two aspects the methane oxidation layer would appear to be a promising solution. The process of methane oxidation is based on the methanotrophic bacteria converting the extracted methane from the landfills into less harmful carbon dioxide and water. The question which arises is whether the methane oxidation layer is capable to entirely convert the incoming gas from the landfill or not. In addition, the performance of the layer can easily be influenced by outer boundary conditions for example temperature, content of substrate, humidity or oxygen saturation. Finally, this could even result in the complete failure of the methane oxidation layer.Therefore, the aim of the project is the fundamental investigation as well as the prediction of the biologically-chemically coupled diffusion-convection-reaction-process in methane oxidation layers. In the first part of the research project the function of the layer was experimentally analyzed under normal conditions with regard to model and simulation aspects. In the second part of the project the model will be enhanced so that it also takes the limit and failure states into account which occur due to long periods without nutrition or extreme heat, cold, clamminess and aridness. The main attention is paid to the answering of the question whether and in what manner methane oxidation layers are able to recover after such extreme environmental conditions and how the performance of the layer develops in the following period.

随着时间的流逝，垃圾填埋场中的有机成分会通过细菌活性转化。所得的垃圾填埋气由40％二氧化碳和60％甲烷组成。如果没有安装收集系统，垃圾填埋气可以自由排放到大气中。不幸的是，甲烷是一种特别有害的温室气体，比二氧化碳多23倍的大气污染。因此，政治，科学和工业正在寻找技术，以永久减少甲烷排放。正常的程序是用所谓的气井积极提取垃圾填埋气，然后最终以热处置气体。但是，由于细菌活性降低而导致气体产量减少的时间仍然存在一个未解决的问题。这段时间被称为被动后护理阶段，可以持续100年或更长时间，这表现出了困境。一方面，几十年来，垃圾填埋气的积极提取在财务上和技术上都是非常昂贵的。另一方面，通过垃圾填埋气对大气的长期污染在社会上不承担任何责任或合理。因此，需要一个解决方案，i）i）导致合理的成本，ii）在技术上是可行的，iii）在故障或失败方面表现出足够的可靠性。关于前两个方面，甲烷氧化层似乎是一个有前途的解决方案。甲烷氧化的过程基于甲烷营养细菌，从垃圾填埋场中提取的甲烷转化为有害的二氧化碳和水。出现的问题是甲烷氧化层是否能够完全转化垃圾填埋场的传入气体。另外，该层的性能很容易受到外部边界条件的影响，例如温度，底物的含量，湿度或氧饱和度。最后，这甚至可能导致甲烷氧化层的完全失败。因此，该项目的目的是基本研究以及对甲烷氧化层中生物化学上耦合的扩散 - 传染反应过程的预测。在研究项目的第一部分中，该层的功能在正常条件下在模型和仿真方面进行了实验分析。在项目的第二部分中，该模型将得到增强，以便它也将极限和故障状态考虑在没有营养或极端热量，寒冷，冷淡和干旱的长期导致的情况下。主要关注问题是对问题的回答，以及在这种极端的环境条件下是否能够以何种方式恢复甲烷的氧化层以及在接下来的时期内的性能如何发展。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A centrifuge tube reactor for the determination of bacterial methane oxidation enrichment factors without influence of diffusion related isotope fractionation.

DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.283
发表时间：
2019-04
期刊：
The Science of the total environment
影响因子：
0
作者：
S. Schulte;M. Jochmann;J. Wolbert;T. Gehrke;Torsten C. Schmidt
通讯作者：
S. Schulte;M. Jochmann;J. Wolbert;T. Gehrke;Torsten C. Schmidt

Numerical investigations of diffusion coefficients in the context of multi‐component gas transport within the Theory of Porous Media

多孔介质理论中多组分气体传输背景下扩散系数的数值研究

DOI：
10.1002/pamm.201800446
发表时间：
期刊：
PAMM
影响因子：
0
作者：
Ricken;Kossler M;Gehrke;Denecke;Widmann;Schulte;Schmidt
通讯作者：
Schmidt

Characterization of methane oxidation in a simulated landfill cover system by comparing molecular and stable isotope mass balances.

DOI：
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.032
发表时间：
2017-11
期刊：
Waste management
影响因子：
8.1
作者：
Marcel Schulte;M. Jochmann;T. Gehrke;A. Thom;T. Ricken;M. Denecke;T. Schmidt
通讯作者：
Marcel Schulte;M. Jochmann;T. Gehrke;A. Thom;T. Ricken;M. Denecke;T. Schmidt

Carbon Isotopic Fractionation via Diffusion in a Coarse Material

通过粗材料中的扩散进行碳同位素分馏